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2月通膨加速,實質消費者支出小幅成長

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-- 美國2月通膨月增,實質消費者支出小幅走高,分析師預計,受中東衝突外溢效應的影響,物價壓力將進一步加劇。 美國經濟分析局週四公佈的數據顯示,2月個人消費支出物價指數(PCE)較上月上漲0.4%,高於上月的0.3%。以年率計算,PCE物價指數維持在2.8%的漲幅。 聯準會首選的通膨指標(剔除食品和能源價格)較上季上漲0.4%,與1月持平。年化漲幅從3.1%放緩至3%。彭博社彙整的調查顯示,所有通膨數據均符合預期。 BMO資本市場高級經濟學家薩爾·瓜蒂耶里在一份報告中表示:“核心價格實際上正在加速上漲,過去三個月按年率計算上漲了4.4%,而過去六個月的漲幅為3.4%。而且這還是在伊朗戰爭溢出效應尚未顯現之前。” 美國和伊朗已同意停火兩週,這顯然暫停了蔓延至中東並推高能源價格的敵對行動。在停火協議遭到違反的報導出現後,華盛頓和德黑蘭的官員將於本週末在巴基斯坦舉行會晤。 道明經濟(TD Economics)經濟學家克謝尼婭·布什梅涅娃(Ksenia Bushmeneva)在一份報告中表示:“預計3月份汽油價格上漲將推高總體通脹率,但二階價格效應可能還不足以反映在核心通脹中。” 經通膨調整後的實質消費者支出在2月增加了0.1%,低於華爾街預期的0.2%,1月則持平。 瓜蒂耶里表示:“由於總體通膨率可能很快會測試4%,聯準會近期放鬆貨幣政策的可能性不大。” 芝加哥商品交易所(CME)的FedWatch工具顯示,市場普遍預期聯準會將在本月稍後維持基準貸款利率不變。 美國央行3月17日至18日會議紀錄週三顯示,鑑於中東衝突加劇了通膨和就業風險,美國央行應「靈活」調整貨幣政策。

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