-- 牛津能源研究所(OIES)策略師週三表示,受伊朗戰爭導致霍爾木茲海峽關閉的影響,2026年第一季全球液化天然氣(LNG)供應量下降約20%,引發歐洲和亞洲的價格衝擊。 OIES指出,這次中斷對亞洲的影響最為顯著,因為卡達和阿聯酋的大部分波斯灣出口都銷往亞洲,但歐洲也感受到了強烈的價格波動。 供應並未立即中斷,因為在海峽關閉前裝運的貨物在3月和4月初仍在陸續抵達,從而延緩了對進口商的全面衝擊。 OIES預計,4月供應緊張程度將進一步加劇,屆時來自波斯灣的新貨源短缺在全球市場將更加明顯。 OIES表示,這次中斷是由於歐盟宣布自2027年1月1日起禁止進口俄羅斯液化天然氣,並於2027年11月1日起禁止進口管道天然氣,這進一步收緊了人們對未來供應的預期。 即使北美地區增加產量,墨西哥灣天然氣供應的減少也會阻止市場出現供應過剩,使市場供應比預期更加緊張。 據歐洲能源資訊署(OIES)稱,儘管價格上漲,但歐洲的天然氣需求並未出現實質下降,並且由於短期靈活性有限(除部分商業用途外),預計到2026年仍將保持穩定。 OIES補充道,今年夏季電力行業天然氣消耗量的下降可能會緩解供應壓力,有助於歐洲獲得額外的60億立方米天然氣,以補充庫存,應對預計更加緊張的液化天然氣(LNG)市場。 OIES表示,即使供應中斷是短暫的,但價格衝擊和重新出現的供應擔憂預計將在中長期內提振人們對替代能源的興趣,包括低碳天然氣和電氣化,尤其是在歐洲。
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