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OIES称,受供应冲击,欧洲面临供应趋紧,液化天然气市场遭受重创

-- 牛津能源研究所(OIES)策略师周三表示,受伊朗战争导致霍尔木兹海峡关闭的影响,2026年第一季度全球液化天然气(LNG)供应量下降约20%,引发欧洲和亚洲的价格冲击。 OIES指出,此次中断对亚洲的影响最为显著,因为卡塔尔和阿联酋的大部分波斯湾出口都销往亚洲,但欧洲也感受到了强烈的价格波动。 供应并未立即中断,因为在海峡关闭前装运的货物在3月和4月初仍在陆续抵达,从而延缓了对进口商的全面冲击。 OIES预计,4月份供应紧张程度将进一步加剧,届时来自波斯湾的新货源短缺在全球市场将更加明显。 OIES表示,此次中断是由于欧盟宣布自2027年1月1日起禁止进口俄罗斯液化天然气,并于2027年11月1日起禁止进口管道天然气,这进一步收紧了人们对未来供应的预期。 即使北美地区增加产量,墨西哥湾天然气供应的减少也会阻止市场出现供应过剩,使市场供应比预期更加紧张。 据欧洲能源信息署(OIES)称,尽管价格上涨,但欧洲的天然气需求并未出现实质性下降,并且由于短期灵活性有限(除部分商业用途外),预计到2026年仍将保持稳定。 OIES补充道,今年夏季电力行业天然气消耗量的下降可能会缓解供应压力,有助于欧洲获得额外的60亿立方米天然气,以补充库存,应对预计更加紧张的液化天然气(LNG)市场。 OIES表示,即使供应中断是短暂的,但价格冲击和重新出现的供应担忧预计将在中长期内提振人们对替代能源的兴趣,包括低碳天然气和电气化,尤其是在欧洲。

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