-- Ember策略師週四在一份報告中指出,儘管政府補貼將於2027年起逐步削減,但英國Drax集團2025年仍獲得了創紀錄的9.99億英鎊(約合14億美元)生物質發電站公共補貼。 Ember分析師表示,這些補貼透過消費者能源帳單支付,相當於每天約270萬英鎊,每年平均增加英國家庭約13英鎊的電費。 Ember英國高級分析師弗蘭基梅奧表示,從2027年初開始,補貼金額將降至每年約4.6億英鎊,標誌著大規模生質能發電補貼逐步取消的開始。 梅奧表示,即便如此,每天的補貼金額仍約為125萬英鎊,或每個家庭每年約6英鎊。 Drax營運英國發電量最大的發電站,同時也是英國最大的碳排放源。然而,根據現行核算規則,燃燒木質生物質所產生的排放被歸類為碳中和,因此符合再生能源補貼的條件。 Ember表示,補貼是透過兩項計畫提供的:一是再生能源義務(Renewables Obligation,RO),該計畫在2025年為Drax的三台發電機組支付了7.28億英鎊;二是差價合約(Contracts for Difference,CFD),該計畫為第四台發電機組提供了2.71億英鎊。 自2012年以來,Drax獲得的補貼總額已達87.2億英鎊,其中大部分來自RO計劃,該計劃將於2027年第一季結束。 Ember表示,一種新的、成本更低的CFD機制將取代RO計劃,該合約的有效期最長可達四年,直至2031年。儘管新計畫下的執行價格在2024年將上漲至每兆瓦時157英鎊,但補貼發電量將受到限制。 然而,儘管補貼減少,但由於其營運規模龐大,Ember預計Drax至少在2030年之前仍將是英國最大的碳排放源。 該電廠的長期前景仍然不明朗,因為Drax已放棄了投資碳捕獲技術的計劃,而這項技術曾是其爭取持續補貼的關鍵。 Ember分析師表示,如果沒有碳捕獲技術,繼續獲得公共補貼的理由將大大削弱。 這家能源公司已經縮減了相關項目,並將投資轉向其他能源技術,這進一步引發了人們對生質能在英國未來能源結構中作用的質疑。
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