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EIAによると、データセンターがバージニア州の需要増加を牽引している。

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-- 米国エネルギー情報局(EIA)は火曜日、バージニア州の商業用電力販売量が2019年から2025年の間に約3,000万メガワット時増加し、テキサス州を除く他のどの州よりも急速な成長を遂げたと発表した。 EIAは年次電力産業報告書の中で、バージニア州の電力販売量の増加は、データセンターの集中、電気自動車の普及、および建物の電化によって大きく牽引されていると述べている。 電力販売とは、主に電力会社などの電力供給事業者から最終消費者にエネルギーを供給することを指す。しかし、電力供給事業者は、サービス提供地域におけるエネルギー需要の着実な増加と異常気象といった状況下で、顧客需要の時間、日、季節ごとの急増に対応できる十分な資源と予備力を確保する必要がある。EIAによると、ピーク負荷とは、メガワット単位で表した最大負荷の瞬間値であり、たとえ15分間しか続かなくても、1日、1ヶ月、または1シーズンにおける瞬間的な最大負荷を示す。 今年初め、PJMインターコネクションは2026年長期負荷予測において、バージニア州を管轄するドミニオンゾーンでは、データセンターの増加を主な要因として、2026年から2030年にかけて夏季ピーク需要が絶対値で最大の増加を示すと発表しました。 PJMのドミニオンゾーンは現在、光ファイバー接続、用地の確保、電力インフラの整備状況から、世界で最も多くのデータセンターが集積している地域となっています。 PJMドミニオンゾーンの夏季ピーク負荷は2025年に23,905MWとなり、2019年比で23%増加しました。同様に、冬季ピーク負荷は2025~2026年の冬季に25,413MWとなり、2019~2020年の冬季比で45%増加しました。 PJMは、今後10年間の夏季ピーク負荷が年平均5.4%増加すると予測しており、これは2025年の予測値である6.3%から下方修正されたものです。 2019年から2025年までの期間において、PJMの「時間別電力網モニター」によると、ドミニオンゾーンにおけるピーク負荷上位50件のうち、3件を除くすべてが2024年(15件)または2025年(32件)に発生しています。電力需要の増加に伴い、ピーク負荷と平均時間負荷も増加します。PJMの「時間別電力網モニター」データによると、これらのピーク負荷と終点時間ごとの平均負荷を比較することで、ドミニオンゾーンにおける一日を通しての需要レベルの変化を把握できます。 電力会社をはじめとする市場参加者は、ピーク需要の課題に対処するため、デマンドレスポンスプログラム、エネルギー貯蔵ソリューション、予備の相互接続容量を備えた設備アップグレード、信頼性を確保するためのインフラ投資など、様々な戦略を採用しています。市場参加者は、急速な導入と技術の進化を踏まえ、特にデータセンターの負荷予測能力の向上にも取り組んでいる。

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