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Ember公司预测,全球清洁能源激增将在2025年遏制化石能源增长,可再生能源将超越煤炭。

-- Ember周二发布的一份报告指出,太阳能的快速发展五年来首次遏制了化石燃料发电的增长,标志着全球能源系统结构性转折点,可再生能源发电量超过了煤炭发电量。 Ember在其《2026年全球电力展望》中表示,2025年可再生能源新增发电量为887太瓦时,超过了849太瓦时的电力需求增长。 这一增长远超化石燃料发电量,后者自2020年以来首次下降38太瓦时(非经济危机时期)。 Ember表示,太阳能发电占全球新增电力需求的四分之三,其发电量创纪录地增长了636太瓦时,同比增长30%,达到2.8太瓦时。Ember还指出,太阳能发电与风能发电加起来满足了99%的新增电力需求。 这家能源智库还表示,可再生能源在现代历史上首次超越煤炭。去年,包括太阳能、风能和水力发电在内的可再生能源占全球发电量的33.8%,超过了煤炭的33%。 Ember公司董事总经理Aditya Lolla表示:“清洁能源的规模正在迅速扩大,足以满足不断增长的全球电力需求。”他还补充说,这一转变标志着电力行业化石燃料使用量开始结构性下降。 中国和印度分别是全球最大和第三大化石燃料发电国,它们在全球能源转型中发挥了关键作用。由于太阳能和其他可再生能源的新增装机容量创下历史新高,超过了需求增长,两国预计到2025年化石燃料发电量将出现下降。 中国占全球太阳能新增装机容量的一半以上,使其电力结构中风能和太阳能的占比达到22%,高于经合组织平均水平。 据Ember公司称,印度的可再生能源发电量增长速度也超过了此前的最高纪录,并且首次超过了美国的太阳能装机容量。 与此同时,储能电池为太阳能的增长提供了支持,使可再生能源的供应时间得以延长至白天以外。电池成本连续第二年下降,继2024年下降20%之后,预计到2025年将下降45%,而全球储能电池部署量增长了46%,达到约250吉瓦时。 Ember公司表示,这使得约14%的新增太阳能发电量可以从中午转移到其他时段,从而提高电网灵活性,并减少高峰时段对化石燃料的依赖。 智利和澳大利亚等国在电池应用方面处于领先地位,其储能设施足以转移超过一半的新增太阳能发电量,从而降低了电价并减少了能源浪费。 然而,在中东冲突爆发后,全球化石燃料市场波动加剧,而可再生能源的扩张也正值此时。艾伯表示,这些事件暴露了依赖进口化石燃料的风险,并凸显了国内可再生能源在经济和能源安全方面的优势。

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