-- Ember週二發布的一份報告指出,太陽能的快速發展五年來首次遏制了化石燃料發電的成長,標誌著全球能源系統結構性轉折點,再生能源發電量超過了煤炭發電量。 Ember在《2026年全球電力展望》中表示,2025年再生能源新增發電量為887太瓦時,超過了849太瓦時的電力需求成長。 這一成長遠超化石燃料發電量,後者自2020年以來首次下降38太瓦時(非經濟危機時期)。 Ember表示,太陽能發電佔全球新增電力需求的四分之三,其發電量創紀錄地增加了636太瓦時,年增30%,達到2.8太瓦時。 Ember也指出,太陽能發電與風力發電加起來滿足了99%的新增電力需求。 這家能源智庫也表示,再生能源在現代歷史上首次超越煤炭。去年,包括太陽能、風能和水力發電在內的再生能源佔全球發電量的33.8%,超過了煤炭的33%。 Ember公司董事總經理Aditya Lolla表示:「清潔能源的規模正在迅速擴大,足以滿足不斷增長的全球電力需求。」他還補充說,這一轉變標誌著電力行業化石燃料使用量開始結構性下降。 中國和印度分別是全球最大和第三大化石燃料發電國,它們在全球能源轉型中發揮了關鍵作用。由於太陽能和其他再生能源的新增裝置容量創下歷史新高,超過了需求成長,兩國預計到2025年化石燃料發電量將會下降。 中國佔全球太陽能新增裝置容量的一半以上,使其電力結構中風能和太陽能的比例達到22%,高於經合組織平均。 據Ember公司稱,印度的再生能源發電量成長速度也超過了先前的最高紀錄,並且首次超過了美國的太陽能裝置容量。 同時,儲能電池為太陽能的成長提供了支持,使再生能源的供應時間得以延長至白天以外。電池成本連續第二年下降,繼2024年下降20%之後,預計到2025年將下降45%,而全球儲能電池部署量增加了46%,達到約250吉瓦時。 Ember公司表示,這使得約14%的新增太陽能發電量可以從中午轉移到其他時段,從而提高電網彈性,並減少尖峰時段對化石燃料的依賴。 智利和澳洲等國在電池應用方面處於領先地位,其儲能設施足以轉移超過一半的新增太陽能發電量,降低了電價並減少了能源浪費。 然而,在中東衝突爆發後,全球化石燃料市場波動加劇,而再生能源的擴張也正值此時。艾伯表示,這些事件揭露了依賴進口化石燃料的風險,並凸顯了國內再生能源在經濟和能源安全方面的優勢。
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