-- 市場專家表示,美伊之間為期兩週的停火或許抑制了投機者的上漲風險,但對於爭相獲取原油的煉油商而言,危機遠未結束。 停火消息公佈後,6月布蘭特原油期貨價格已回落至每桶100美元以下。然而,作為即期交割的全球基準原油——布蘭特原油期貨價格,仍堅守在每桶120美元上方。 這超過20美元的溢價揭示了全球對原油的瘋狂爭奪,而金融模型未能預測到這一點。 ICIS大宗商品分析師大衛喬貝納茲表示:“問題從來不在於產量,而在於交付能力。” 喬貝納茲補充道,由於煉油和石化裝置需要三到六個月的時間才能安全恢復生產,因此即使原油開始流通,全球下游供應系統仍將長期處於緊張狀態。 儘管外交上取得了突破,但船東們仍然受到戰爭風險保險費、油輪週轉中斷以及伊朗在霍爾木茲海峽徵收過境費的持續威脅的困擾。 專家警告稱,市場無法簡單地透過簡單的操作恢復供應。 商品和碳研究主管羅伯特·倫尼表示,雖然言辭有所緩和,但實物供應系統仍然“嚴重受損”,導致市場出現大規模混亂,北海福蒂斯原油等原油價格一度高達每桶147美元。 即使停火協議得以維持,澳新銀行分析師預計,短期內原油日產量僅能恢復200萬至300萬桶,而且由於基礎設施受損,日產量可能永久性損失100萬至200萬桶的風險依然存在。 ICIS煉油和基礎油分析主管麥可康諾利指出,雖然局勢緩和提振了市場情緒,但基本面並未恢復正常。他補充說:“市場恢復正常取決於原油價格的波動,而不是公告的發布。” 目前的價格差異凸顯了遠期曲線的根本缺陷。 Aegis Hedging 總裁 Matt Marshall 指出,金融模式往往低估了由強烈的購買需求造成的「實體擠壓」。 Marshall 也指出,對於那些急需填補短期生產計畫空缺的煉油商而言,這場危機遠未結束。
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