-- PJM互聯公司週三發布了一份報告，概述了該地區在面臨需求上升、成本上漲和投資訊號減弱等挑戰時，其批發電力市場可能進行的重新設計。 這份題為《透過市場設計提升可靠性》的報告評估了PJM容量市場（可靠性定價模型）面臨的結構性壓力。 報告警告稱，主要由資料中心擴張驅動的快速負載成長，與發展速度較慢、成本更高的發電項目形成衝突，對系統可靠性和價格穩定性造成壓力。 PJM表示，新建發電項目的資本成本大幅上升，建設週期延長，政策的不確定性增加了投資者的風險。因此，許多開發商現在要求在承諾新專案之前獲得長期收益保證。 該機構表示，這些情況在容量市場中造成了所謂的“信譽陷阱”，即需要更高的價格來吸引投資，但這會增加消費者面臨的波動風險，從而引發政治和監管幹預，最終削弱市場訊號。 PJM總裁兼執行長大衛米爾斯表示，董事會已指示工作人員重新評估市場的基本假設在資源受限的環境下是否仍然成立。米爾斯在報告的前言中寫道：“董事會要求PJM審查市場的基本假設是否仍然有效。” 該報告並未提出單一解決方案，而是概述了三個可考慮的總體框架。其中一個框架將擴大長期合約的覆蓋範圍，以穩定價格並確保統一的可靠性義務。 第二個框架將根據客戶類型、地理位置或負載來區分可靠性標準，從而有效地優先滿足某些需求。第三個架構將更依賴能源和輔助服務市場來獲取投資訊號，而容量市場則作為次要的保障措施。 PJM強調，任何前進的道路都需要電網營運商以外的各方協調，包括州監管機構、聯邦政府、消費者和市場參與者。 報告指出：“這些路徑中蘊含的選擇涉及真正的權衡取捨”，並補充說，目標是在利益相關者評估長期改革方案時，明確這些權衡取捨。 PJM表示，該文件將作為利害關係人持續討論的基礎，旨在製定永久性的市場設計方案。
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