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随着扩张浪潮加速,美国液化天然气产能有望在2030年突破300亿立方英尺/日。

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-- 根据基于美国能源信息署数据的分析,随着大量新的液化产能计划在2031年前陆续投产,美国有望显著扩大其在全球能源市场的主导地位。 目前,美国出口设施的运行接近峰值,2026年3月的实际出口量平均约为每日180亿立方英尺。这超过了约154亿立方英尺/日的标称基本负荷能力,因为终端的运行通常高于额定水平。 在2026年剩余时间里,行业预计将新增约20亿立方英尺/日的产能,其中卡塔尔能源公司(QatarEnergy)和埃克森美孚公司(Exxon Mobil,XOM)将引领这一增长,因为它们位于金山口(Golden Pass)的首批两套生产线将投入运营,预计新增产能近14亿立方英尺/日。 切尼尔能源公司(Cheniere Energy,LNG)也正在完成其科珀斯克里斯蒂(Corpus Christi)三期扩建项目的最后几套装置,预计将新增产能6亿立方英尺/日。预计这些新增产能将使美国天然气总名义产能到年底达到约 175 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d)。 2027 年,产能扩张速度将加快,预计新增产能约 54 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d) 将投入使用。其中包括 Golden Pass 的第三条生产线,新增产能 7 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d);以及 Venture Global (VG) 在路易斯安那州 Plaquemines 二期项目投产,新增产能 11 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d)。 今年晚些时候,两个大型新建项目也将投产:Sempra (SRE) 的 Port Arthur 一期项目投产,产能为 16 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d);NextDecade 的 Rio Grande 设施投产,产能为 14 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d)。 Plaquemines LNG 和 Elba Island LNG 的额外获批产能总计为 6 亿立方英尺/日 (Bcf/d)。预计到2027年底,这些发展将使美国天然气产能提升至约229亿立方英尺/日。 这一增长势头将延续至2028年,预计新增产能20亿立方英尺/日。NextDecade公司预计将在里奥格兰德完成更多装置的建设,新增产能7亿立方英尺/日;Venture Global公司的CP2液化天然气一期项目预计将贡献13亿立方英尺/日。预计到年底,这些项目将使美国天然气出口总产能提升至约249亿立方英尺/日。 目前的建设周期预计将在2029年至2031年间达到顶峰,之后将迎来新一轮的扩建。 伍德赛德能源公司(WDS)预计将从其路易斯安那州液化天然气项目中新增22亿立方英尺/日(Bcf/d)的产能,此外,还将有其他扩建项目,包括阿瑟港二期项目(16亿立方英尺/日)、里奥格兰德项目(14亿立方英尺/日)以及Venture Global公司新增的6亿立方英尺/日产能。 项目完成后,美国液化天然气出口总产能预计将超过300亿立方英尺/日,从而巩固美国作为全球领先液化天然气供应国的地位。

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