-- 達拉斯聯邦儲備銀行策略師週四在一份報告中指出,能源產業高層預計,霍爾木茲海峽的航運將在2026年底前逐步恢復正常,但他們也警告稱,地緣政治動盪可能在中期內持續存在。 達拉斯聯邦儲備銀行策略師表示,約20%的受訪者預計海峽航運將在2026年5月恢復正常,39%的受訪者預計8月即可恢復。 分析師表示,另有26%的受訪者預計11月即可恢復正常,14%的受訪者預計恢復時間會更長,凸顯了近期中東衝突後,市場對長期調整的預期。 然而,儘管預計航運將恢復,但高層對這條關鍵水道的穩定前景仍持謹慎態度。 聯準會表示,在受調查的高階主管中,近一半(48%)認為地緣政治事件「極有可能」在五年內再次擾亂航運,而38%的受訪者則認為再次擾亂航運「可能性較大」。只有14%的人認為再次發生衝突的可能性不大。 研究表明,即使衝突平息後,能源運輸領域的結構性風險溢價也可能維持在高位。 大多數高階主管預計,從阿拉伯灣運輸石油的成本(包括保險、運費和通行費)將比戰前水準上漲2至4美元/桶,其中36%的人選擇了這一區間。 在供應方面,受訪者預計,受地緣政治局勢的影響,美國石油產量將小幅成長。 達拉斯聯邦儲備銀行對2026年最普遍的預期是日增幅在0至25萬桶之間。對2027年,多數受訪者預計增幅將更大,達到25萬至50萬桶/日。 中東地區的企業高層預計,大部分中斷的供應將隨著時間的推移而恢復,約三分之二的高階主管表示,阿拉伯灣至少90%的停產油最終將重返市場。 同時,就業預期整體穩定,50%的高階主管表示,2025年12月至2026年12月期間員工人數將維持不變,約三分之一的高階主管預計員工人數將增加,8%的高階主管預計員工人數將減少。 達拉斯聯邦儲備銀行表示,維持目前的就業水準是勘探和生產公司最普遍的預期。相較之下,支援服務公司則更傾向於預期招募人數會略有增加。
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