-- 加拿大道明银行(TD)周五发布的3月份劳动力调查报告显示,劳动力市场持续低迷,面临多重经济逆风。 该行补充道,这些逆风正在加剧,全球能源价格的飙升已波及汽油价格,3月份零售汽油价格环比上涨23%,同比上涨8.4%。 道明银行指出,能源冲击对消费者而言雪上加霜,更高的价格叠加在原本就已抑制经济增长、使其低于潜在水平的生活成本压力之上。其结果是,消费者捉襟见肘,在冲击到来之前,消费就已经开始失去动力。 道明银行指出,3月份的TD消费数据也印证了这一趋势。经季节性调整后,月度消费支出增速从0.6%放缓至0.2%,考虑到当月汽油名义价格的上涨,实际增速还会更低。 该行表示,消费构成也颇具启发意义。加油站的贡献最大,名义支出环比增长8%,同比增长4.5%。如果没有汽油支出的激增,商品支出和整体信用卡消费都会下降。 道明银行指出,超市支出有所下降,表明家庭正在收紧预算以抵消燃油成本上涨的影响。值得注意的是,服务业——近几个季度的主要支撑——持平,旅游和休闲娱乐支出均有所回落。 道明银行认为,这对政策制定者来说是一个熟悉的难题。如果不是能源冲击,加拿大央行很可能会讨论降息。但现在,央行可能会维持利率不变,忽略短期内总体通胀的上升,而将重点放在核心通胀压力和通胀预期上。 从这个意义上讲,加拿大相对疲软的经济状况或许反而会成为一种助力,有助于抑制此次成本推动型冲击带来的第二轮影响。
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