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达拉斯联储表示,霍尔木兹海峡的流量不太可能在2026年年中之前恢复正常。

-- 达拉斯联邦储备银行策略师周四在一份报告中指出,能源行业高管预计,霍尔木兹海峡的航运将在2026年底前逐步恢复正常,但他们也警告称,地缘政治动荡可能在中期内持续存在。 达拉斯联储策略师表示,约20%的受访者预计海峡航运将在2026年5月恢复正常,39%的受访者预计8月即可恢复。 分析师表示,另有26%的受访者预计11月即可恢复正常,14%的受访者预计恢复时间会更长,这凸显了近期中东冲突后,市场对长期调整的预期。 然而,尽管预计航运将恢复,但高管们对这条关键水道的稳定前景仍持谨慎态度。 美联储表示,在接受调查的高管中,近一半(48%)认为地缘政治事件“极有可能”在五年内再次扰乱航运,而38%的受访者则认为再次扰乱航运“可能性较大”。只有14%的人认为再次发生冲突的可能性不大。 研究表明,即使冲突平息后,能源运输领域的结构性风险溢价也可能维持在高位。 大多数高管预计,从阿拉伯湾运输石油的成本(包括保险、运费和通行费)将比战前水平上涨2至4美元/桶,其中36%的人选择了这一区间。 在供应方面,受访者预计,受地缘政治局势的影响,美国石油产量将小幅增长。 达拉斯联储对2026年的最普遍预期是日增幅在0至25万桶之间。对2027年,大多数受访者预计增幅将更大,达到25万至50万桶/日。 中东地区的企业高管预计,大部分中断的供应将随着时间的推移而恢复,约三分之二的高管表示,阿拉伯湾至少90%的停产油最终将重返市场。 与此同时,就业预期总体稳定,50%的高管表示,2025年12月至2026年12月期间员工人数将保持不变,约三分之一的高管预计员工人数将增加,8%的高管预计员工人数将减少。 达拉斯联邦储备银行表示,维持目前的就业水平是勘探和生产公司最普遍的预期。相比之下,支持服务公司则更倾向于预期招聘人数会略有增加。

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