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蒙特利尔银行表示,3月份的情况本可能更糟,4月份可能是加拿大今年通胀率的峰值。

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-- 蒙特利尔银行(BMO)在周一公布消费者价格指数(CPI)数据后指出,加拿大3月份消费者价格环比上涨0.9%,推动同比整体通胀率从上月的1.8%升至2.4%。 BMO指出,这一涨幅并不令人意外,因为汽油价格当月飙升了创纪录的21.2%(有记录可追溯至1949年),但核心通胀率低于预期,使得3月份整体通胀率略低于市场普遍预期的2.6%左右。 BMO表示,加拿大央行的两项主要核心通胀指标表现“平稳”,中位数同比维持在2.3%的稳定水平,而小幅宽松至2.2%,创五年新低。BMO还指出,剔除食品和能源价格后的传统核心通胀指标仍然徘徊在2%的目标附近。 BMO补充道,短期指标均维持在当前水平甚至更低,核心通胀的广度也显著缓和。 BMO指出,整体情况相当失衡,五大涨幅均受石油冲击推动,分别是汽油、旅游、机票、燃油和休闲车燃料。 与此同时,BMO表示,上月拖累经济的主要因素多种多样,表明经济的根本问题是疲软。报告指出,电话服务、汽车保险、家具、糖果和抵押贷款利息成本上月均有所下降。但报告也指出,消费者面临的两个痛点并不乐观:食品杂货价格同比小幅上涨,从4.1%升至4.4%,其中新鲜蔬菜价格上涨最为显著;而租金也从3.9%小幅上涨至4.2%。 展望下月报告,BMO表示,通胀目前已面临两大不利因素,预计将走高。首先,由于消费者碳税已于2025年4月1日取消,基数效应无论如何都会大幅推高通胀。其次,即使近期有所回落,且联邦政府的汽油税减免政策已于本周一生效,汽油价格仍将比3月份的平均水平上涨约7%。 BMO表示,预计这些因素将使下个月的整体通胀率略高于3%。然而,BMO补充道,这取决于油价走势以及霍尔木兹海峡关闭的时间长短,4月份有可能成为今年通胀率的峰值——这里特别强调“有可能”。 总而言之,BMO认为3月份的通胀情况本可能更糟。BMO指出,尽管其他主要经济体的总体通胀率大幅上升,但汽油价格的创纪录上涨也显著推高了加拿大上个月的通胀率。不过,BMO表示,核心通胀情况略好于预期,并延续了近期核心通胀趋势稳步放缓的趋势。 BMO认为,如果不是因为伊朗冲突,目前的讨论焦点应该是加拿大央行极有可能降息,而不是加息。该行补充说,3月份的消费者物价指数也印证了这一观点。

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