-- 能源经济与金融分析研究所(IEEFA)周四表示,鉴于澳大利亚依赖亚洲进口柴油,而这些进口柴油又来自中东原油,全球能源危机的影响在澳大利亚可能表现得最为严重,柴油短缺问题尤为突出。 随着对有限供应的竞争加剧,澳大利亚在亚洲的贸易伙伴将面临越来越大的压力。IEEFA指出,到4月初,柴油价格达到峰值,较年初上涨了两倍,而原油和汽油价格也上涨了近一倍。 该研究所还指出,按每美元GDP计算,澳大利亚是世界上柴油消费量最大的国家之一,其消费量约为美国和日本的三倍。 尽管如此,澳大利亚只有约13%的柴油产自国内炼油厂,使其成为全球最大的柴油进口国,其柴油广泛应用于商用公路车辆、铁路、农业和采矿业。 能源经济与金融分析研究所(IEEFA)表示,如果亚太地区出口商无法维持所需的柴油进口量,澳大利亚可能难以满足其全部柴油需求。 澳大利亚轻型商用车和卡车车队消耗了道路上53%的柴油,因此,澳大利亚可以抓住这一契机,推广更高效、更慢速的驾驶方式,以提高燃油经济性,并优化车辆维护和物流。 节能驾驶(有时也称为超节油驾驶)包括避免急加速、提前减速以避免不必要的制动、更早升档以及尽量减少怠速。 IEEFA指出,仅这些技巧就能使最勤勉的驾驶员比那些忽略这些技巧的驾驶员节省35%的燃油。 例如,物流巨头Linfox在2012年实施了一项节能驾驶计划,并将其碳排放量减少了14%。IEEFA表示,农业、采矿和铁路运输领域可以节省15%至40%的燃油。 报告指出,政府应牵头在这些行业推行驾驶员教育和培训,以提高燃油效率。这将有助于缓解供应短缺,并减轻能源危机对企业的财务影响。 报告称,澳大利亚10%的驾驶员行驶了40%的里程,这为政府提供了可重点关注的“唾手可得”的群体,政府可以通过此类举措加以扶持。此外,能源经济与金融分析研究所(IEEFA)建议鼓励该群体采用电动汽车。
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