-- 受中東衝突導致能源價格飆升的影響,美國3月通膨加速至2022年中以來的最快水準。 美國經濟分析局週四公佈的數據顯示,3月個人消費支出物價指數(PCE)較上月上漲0.7%,高於上月的0.4%。最新數據顯示,該指數為2022年6月以來的最高水準。 3月汽油和其他能源商品價格飆漲21%。 由於美以與伊朗之間的戰爭導致霍爾木茲海峽的運輸中斷,能源價格大幅上漲。近期,美伊之間以及以色列與黎巴嫩之間達成停火協議,衝突暫時中止。 以年計算,PCE物價指數上漲3.5%,為2023年5月以來的最大漲幅,高於2月的2.8%。 聯準會首選的通膨指標(剔除食品和能源價格)3月較上季下降至0.3%,低於2月的0.4%。年度成長率從3%加速至3.2%。 彭博社彙整的調查顯示,所有通膨數據均符合預期。 道明經濟諮詢公司(TD Economics)經濟學家克謝尼婭·布什梅涅娃(Ksenia Bushmeneva)在一份報告中表示:“通脹壓力持續醞釀。能源危機形勢依然不明朗,汽油價格可能在一段時間內保持高位。” 週三,聯準會維持基準貸款利率不變,稱中東衝突加劇了美國經濟前景的不確定性。 個人消費支出成長0.9%,符合華爾街預期。經通膨調整後的實際消費者支出成長0.2%,低於市場預期的0.3%。 布希梅涅娃表示:“短期內,更高的退稅額(比去年同期高出約11%)和更低的所得稅將在一定程度上緩解消費者的壓力。然而,展望未來,家庭可能不得不削減開支,以抵消更高的汽油價格和仍然居高不下的通貨膨脹。”
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