-- 美國能源資訊署(EIA)週一表示,2025年美國燃煤電廠退役裝置容量將降至2.6吉瓦,為2010年以來的最低水準。 報告稱,營運商最初計劃在2025年關閉約8.5吉瓦的燃煤電廠,但其中近4.8吉瓦的計畫被推遲到以後幾年,約1.1吉瓦的退役計畫被取消。 EIA表示,原定於2027年關閉的1.2吉瓦燃煤電廠計畫已被撤回,而另一座電廠則將其原定於2026年的關閉時間延至2029年。 與往年相比,煤電產能關閉速度已顯著放緩。 2022年關閉的煤電裝置容量為13.7吉瓦,約佔總裝置容量的6.5%,而2025年的關閉量則要低得多。 該機構表示,2025年僅有四座電廠退役了燃煤機組,分別位於德拉瓦州、亞利桑那州、猶他州和愛荷華州,總裝置容量約2.6吉瓦,約佔總裝置容量的1.5%。 報告指出,猶他州的Intermountain電力項目是關閉規模最大的項目,共有1,800兆瓦的機組退役。不過,該專案的部分裝置容量已由同一地點的一座1017兆瓦天然氣發電廠取代。 該機構還表示,聯邦政府的干預也減緩了煤電退役速度,美國能源部發布了緊急命令,要求部分煤電廠保持運行,以保障電網可靠性。 據美國能源資訊署(EIA)稱,這些指令涵蓋了包括密西根州、華盛頓州、印第安納州和科羅拉多州在內的多個州的設施,總裝置容量超過3吉瓦。 EIA表示,大多數受影響的電廠已將退役時間從2025年延後到2026年初或年中。 報告也指出,另有三座總裝置容量約2.2吉瓦的電廠也延後了退役,業者選擇延後原定於2025年關閉的計畫。 其中,位於華盛頓州的Transalta Centralia 2號機組目前計劃改建為天然氣發電廠,預計2028年完成。 展望未來,EIA表示,預計2026年將有約6.4吉瓦的燃煤發電裝置容量(約佔總裝置容量的4%)退役,但這些預測仍取決於政策和市場的發展。
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