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美國能源資訊署稱,2025年美國汽油消費量將下降1%,效率提升將抵銷出行增加帶來的影響。

-- 美國能源資訊署(EIA)週五表示,2025年美國汽油日均消費量預計為890萬桶,較前一年下降1%,預示著需求結構將發生轉變。 EIA指出,儘管車輛行駛里程增加,但2025年汽油總消費量仍下降,降至每日平均890萬桶,較上年下降1%,比2019年水準低4%。 EIA補充道,根據其4月發布的短期能源展望,預計隨著燃油效率的進一步提高和車輛行駛里程增長放緩,汽油需求將在2026年和2027年繼續放緩。 EIA指出,汽油需求仍與出行量和車輛效率密切相關,其消費量受行駛里程和燃油經濟性的影響,而這兩者共同決定了整體燃油使用趨勢。 EIA透過比較全國出行數據和汽油供應量來估算燃油經濟性,從而提供一個廣泛的指標,反映燃油效率和出行趨勢如何在整個車隊中相互作用。 美國能源資訊署(EIA)補充道,2025年,出行量年增1.2%,而燃油經濟性則預計提高1.9%,足以抵銷更高的駕駛里程,進而降低汽油消耗量。 新汽油車燃油經濟性的提升主要得益於美國監管機構制定的企業平均燃油經濟性標準(CAFE)和排放法規,這些標準要求汽車製造商提高燃油效率。 EIA也指出,雖然擬議的政策變化可能會影響未來的燃油效率趨勢,但由於車輛研發週期較長(通常為五到七年),預計短期影響有限。 EIA預測,隨著燃油效率的持續提升和出行成長放緩,2026年和2027年汽油需求將有所下降,燃油經濟性將以每年約1%的速度成長。 EIA表示,由於就業成長放緩和勞動年齡人口成長有限(這是出行需求的主要驅動因素),預計未來兩年車輛行駛里程的成長速度將放緩。 美國能源資訊署(EIA)引述標普全球的預測稱,預計2020年就業年增長率為0.3%,低於2010年至2019年的1.4%,而勞動年齡人口預計僅增長0.1%。 EIA表示,受原油價格上漲的影響,汽油價格預計將在2027年之前保持高位,但由於需求通常對價格變化的短期敏感性較低,因此對消費的影響可能有限。

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