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美国能源信息署称,2025年美国煤炭淘汰速度放缓,仅退役2.6吉瓦,计划提前实施。

-- 美国能源信息署(EIA)周一表示,2025年美国燃煤电厂退役装机容量将降至2.6吉瓦,为2010年以来的最低水平。 报告称,运营商最初计划在2025年关闭约8.5吉瓦的燃煤电厂,但其中近4.8吉瓦的计划被推迟到以后几年,约1.1吉瓦的退役计划被取消。 EIA表示,原定于2027年关闭的1.2吉瓦燃煤电厂计划已被撤回,而另一座电厂则将其原定于2026年的关闭时间推迟至2029年。 与往年相比,煤电产能关闭速度已显著放缓。2022年关闭的煤电装机容量为13.7吉瓦,约占总装机容量的6.5%,而2025年的关闭量则要低得多。 该机构表示,2025年仅有四座电厂退役了燃煤机组,分别位于特拉华州、亚利桑那州、犹他州和爱荷华州,总装机容量约为2.6吉瓦,约占总装机容量的1.5%。 报告指出,犹他州的Intermountain电力项目是关闭规模最大的项目,共有1800兆瓦的机组退役。不过,该项目的部分装机容量已由同一地点的一座1017兆瓦天然气发电厂替代。 该机构还表示,联邦政府的干预也减缓了煤电退役速度,美国能源部发布了紧急命令,要求部分煤电厂保持运行,以保障电网可靠性。 据美国能源信息署(EIA)称,这些指令涵盖了包括密歇根州、华盛顿州、印第安纳州和科罗拉多州在内的多个州的设施,总装机容量超过3吉瓦。 EIA表示,大多数受影响的电厂已将退役时间从2025年推迟到2026年初或年中。 报告还指出,另有三座总装机容量约2.2吉瓦的电厂也推迟了退役,运营商选择推迟原定于2025年关闭的计划。 其中,位于华盛顿州的Transalta Centralia 2号机组目前计划改建为天然气发电厂,预计将于2028年完成。 展望未来,EIA表示,预计2026年将有约6.4吉瓦的燃煤发电装机容量(约占总装机容量的4%)退役,但这些预测仍取决于政策和市场的发展情况。

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