-- 紐西蘭儲備銀行週三發布的金融穩定報告指出,由於中東衝突導致油價上漲,企業利潤下降,進而導致企業投資減少、家庭儲蓄增加,預計紐西蘭經濟復甦速度將放緩。 該行指出,過去三年,企業存款佔國內生產毛額(GDP)的比例下降,尤其是小型企業,顯示企業目前的現金儲備不如以往充足。 紐西蘭儲備銀行表示,中東衝突加劇了金融市場的波動性。該行補充說,雖然紐西蘭各銀行資金充足,能夠靈活應對短期衝擊,但這種波動性可能會與其他脆弱性因素相互作用,導致國際金融環境更加收緊。 紐西蘭儲備銀行表示,即使在失業率高峰達到10.5%、GDP下降6.5%、房價下跌35%的壓力情境下,紐西蘭四大銀行仍將維持資本緩衝。 央行表示,將於6月發布危機應變諮詢方案,其中包括額外的損失吸收資本要求。如果出現比2025年壓力測試更糟糕的情況,這些資本需求將成為重要的抗風險保障。 報告補充道,存款人補償計畫將於2025年7月開始實施,該計畫為存款機構倒閉時最高10萬紐西蘭元的存款提供政府擔保。該計劃促進了金融公司的存款成長,使其能夠將定期存款利率降低到僅略高於銀行利率的水平。 報告也指出,房地產市場整體依然疲軟,庫存高企對房價構成壓力,尤其是在奧克蘭和威靈頓,房價目前接近紐西蘭儲備銀行估計的可持續價格區間上限。儘管抵押貸款利率上升可能進一步壓低房價,但抵押貸款成長仍然低迷。 保險公司的表現參差不齊,健康保險公司透過提高保費來應對更高的理賠成本,而住宅和一般保險公司則受益於重大理賠事件的減少,儘管中東衝突對理賠成本和供應鏈中斷的影響可能會影響佔保費約 60% 的一般保險公司,新西蘭儲備銀行補充道。
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