-- 由于通胀压力导致支出放缓，美国第一季度经济增长低于华尔街预期。经济学家表示，通胀压力可能会持续给消费者带来压力。 据美国经济分析局周四公布的初步数据显示，全球最大经济体美国第一季度实际国内生产总值（GDP）按年率计算增长2%。彭博社汇总的一项调查显示，市场普遍预期增幅为2.3%。 上一季度，实际GDP小幅增长0.5%。 第一季度消费者支出增速从前三个月的1.9%放缓至1.6%，但仍高于华尔街预期的1.4%。数据显示，非耐用品支出转为负值，服务支出增速也出现放缓。 牛津经济研究院首席美国经济学家迈克尔·皮尔斯在发给的电子邮件中表示：“受人工智能建设和减税政策逐步显现的推动，（第一季度）经济核心依然稳健。这些因素将继续推动今年剩余时间的经济增长，但能源价格飙升将给原本强劲的经济表现蒙上一层阴影。” 受美以伊战争的影响，能源价格飙升，霍尔木兹海峡实际上已被封锁。尽管华盛顿和德黑兰近期达成停火协议，冲突暂时中止，但双方尚未达成永久停火协议。 蒙特利尔银行首席美国经济学家斯科特·安德森在一份报告中指出：“如果未来几个月通胀压力持续上升，消费者将越来越难以应对。” 美国经济分析局（BEA）数据显示，私人投资环比增速从2.3%加快至8.7%。进出口均转正。 3月份季度个人消费支出价格指数上涨4.5%，高于前三个月的2.9%。剔除食品和能源价格后，该指数从2.7%加速至4.3%。 美国经济分析局（BEA）周四在另一份报告中表示，美国3月份通胀率创下2022年年中以来的最快增速。 皮尔斯表示：“能源价格上涨也是3月份通胀飙升的原因之一，并将推动未来几个月整体通胀率接近4%。” “美联储更担忧的趋势是，由于人工智能需求激增以及能源价格传导至核心价格，电子产品价格通胀走强，这将使核心个人消费支出通胀率今年维持在接近3%的水平。” 美联储周三维持基准贷款利率不变，称中东冲突加剧了美国经济前景的不确定性。
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