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生物燃料最新动态:主要原料价格走势与原油价格下跌趋势一致

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-- 周四,主要生物燃料原料价格继续跟随原油价格下跌,尽管需求预期乐观,但生物燃料经济效益的疲软仍令市场情绪承压。 早盘交易中,芝加哥期货交易所7月大豆油合约下跌0.96%,至每磅74.30美分;7月大豆合约下跌0.42%,至每蒲式耳11.90美元。 受美伊冲突影响,近期植物油价格波动加剧,棕榈油相对于大豆油的折扣优势缩小,买家目前更倾向于购买价格更低的大豆油,直至市场恢复正常。 据报道,主要买家印度已减少棕榈油的采购量,转而购买大豆油和葵花籽油。据路透社援引经销商估计,4月份该国棕榈油进口量环比下降27%,至一年来的最低点50.5万吨;与此同时,豆油进口量增长24%,达到35.5万吨;葵花籽油进口量更是翻了一番多,达到22个月来的最高点43.5万吨。 标普全球的一项分析显示,亚洲原棕榈油与南美豆油之间的价差已从年初每吨50至100美元的折价,转变为3月和4月每吨80至100美元的溢价。 标普全球表示:“然而,尽管近几周豆油在固定价格基础上竞争力有所提升,但由于高昂的运费持续制约着运往亚洲的经济效益,大规模套利扩张仍然有限。” 美国大豆的需求上涨主要得益于中国大豆采购量的可能增加,市场参与者寄希望于5月中旬的特朗普-习近平峰会能取得积极的贸易成果。 供应方面,美国创纪录的种植速度和巴西创纪录的收成继续对市场情绪构成压力,但化肥成本上涨和天气相关的供应风险可能构成不利因素。 在亚洲,周四马来西亚棕榈油期货价格进一步下跌,原因是原油和竞争对手豆油价格下跌,尽管印尼和马来西亚不断扩大的生物柴油项目限制了跌幅。 继前一交易日价格下跌2.8%之后,马来西亚衍生品交易所6月原棕榈油合约价格再下跌0.88%,至每吨4,507马来西亚林吉特(1,152.83美元)。7月合约价格进一步下跌0.83%,至每吨4,541林吉特。 马来西亚林吉特走强,导致出口成本上升,也对价格构成压力。周四,林吉特兑美元汇率再次上涨0.4%。 印尼和马来西亚的出口市场近期有所疲软,主要原因是持续不断的冲突导致对中东的出口减少,以及高价导致印度需求疲软。 据《马来西亚边缘报》报道,马来西亚棕榈油理事会首席执行官贝尔温德·斯隆表示,棕榈油价格近期上涨提升了竞争对手的竞争力,导致撒哈拉以南非洲和亚洲的需求承压。这些地区的买家在进口方面采取了更为谨慎的态度,并推迟采购直至价格恢复正常。 据报道,斯隆表示,在中国,需求模式正从棕榈油转向棕榈油制品,这使得印尼相对于马来西亚具有竞争优势。 尽管如此,东南亚主要的棕榈油生产商已宣布计划加快其生物柴油项目,以确保国内能源供应,这反过来又增加了各自对棕榈油的国内需求。 马来西亚将于6月起将棕榈油生物柴油的掺混比例从目前的10%提高到15%,而印尼则将于7月起将这一比例从40%提高到50%。 据报道,马来西亚的这项举措每年将额外消耗30万吨棕榈油,约占该国棕榈油总产量的4%至5%。Sron认为,这对出口市场的影响“有限”。 相反,Sron表示,印尼的这项举措预计每年将额外消耗150万吨棕榈油,这将显著收紧出口供应。 路透社援引分析师Dorab Mistry的话说,由于生物柴油需求不断增长,预计未来几个月棕榈油期货价格将保持强势,6月份价格可能达到每吨5000林吉特,7月中旬可能接近每吨5200林吉特。 在美国,纽约商品交易所(NYMEX)6月乙醇期货价格连续第三个交易日下跌,周三下跌2.96%,至每加仑约1.97美元。此前公布的美国行业周度数据显示,乙醇出口下降,而产量和库存增加。 截至5月1日当周,乙醇日均产量为102万桶,高于前一周的101万桶/日。出口量环比下降,从17万桶/日降至13.9万桶/日。 相应地,国内乙醇库存从2590万桶增至2600万桶。

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