-- 受中東衝突造成的廣泛供應中斷影響,多種因素暫時緩解了油價上漲;然而,澳新銀行研究部周一發布的報告指出,市場終將迎來“不可避免的清算”,表現為油價上漲或產品短缺。 現貨市場尚未出現石油供應危機的跡象,尤其是在美國。截至4月24日當週,美國商業原油庫存為45.6萬桶,比去年同期高出2.4萬桶。 亞洲的高庫存水準也有效緩衝了供應損失,中國的原油儲備估計約為17億桶。這得益於需求控制和策略儲備的釋放。 整體而言,波斯灣地區的石油日產量在2月至3月期間下降了1,070萬桶。目前,超過1500萬桶/日的石油被擱置,累計減產已接近10億桶。 4月全球原油庫存下降近2億桶,預計6月當季原油庫存將出現史上最大季降幅,達到每日650萬桶。 世界銀行的全球石油市場供需平衡預測顯示,2026年全球石油市場將出現每日160萬桶的缺口,該預測基於12月份當季供應增加而需求疲軟的假設。世界銀行的供應展望是基於6月開始的逐步復甦,並持續到年底。在這種情況下,供應受損的情況將持續存在,波斯灣地區的供應復甦將呈現不對稱性。 如果下半年供應緊張開始緩解,無論是透過霍爾木茲海峽的石油流量恢復,還是上游生產重啟,海峽突然關閉的持續威脅仍將使地緣政治風險溢價持續存在於油價中,這將使布倫特原油價格在今年剩餘時間內保持在每桶90美元以上,並且高油價將持續到2027年。 如果衝突持續,供應中斷,油價可能會飆升至每桶200美元。如果美國和伊朗達成和平協議,霍爾木茲海峽重新開放,布蘭特原油價格可能會跌至每桶83美元至87美元左右。
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