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欧盟委员会对罗马尼亚38亿美元核援助展开调查

-- 欧盟委员会周四表示,已对罗马尼亚切尔纳沃德核电站1号机组价值32亿欧元(约合37.7亿美元)的核能援助计划展开调查,理由是担心该计划可能存在违反国家援助规定的问题。 罗马尼亚于2026年1月向欧盟委员会通报了一项计划,旨在翻新并延长该反应堆的使用寿命,同时保持其706兆瓦的装机容量,使其能够再运行30年。 欧盟委员会表示,该反应堆自1996年投入运行以来,供应了罗马尼亚约10%的电力,其升级改造对于确保长期低碳电力供应至关重要。 该项目还旨在加强能源安全,并支持欧盟的脱碳目标,罗马尼亚国家核电公司(Nuclearelectrica National Company)将作为运营商和受益方。 欧盟委员会表示,该翻新项目的总投资额估计为32亿欧元,这反映了延长该核电站运行寿命所需的投资规模。 罗马尼亚计划通过一系列支持措施为该项目提供资金,其中包括6亿欧元的赠款和国家担保的与投资相关的贷款。 其他支持措施包括一项为期30年的双向差价合约,以稳定收入,以及在建设和运营期间抵御监管变化的保护措施。 欧盟委员会表示,其初步审查认为该项目是必要的,并且有利于经济活动,但对援助是否完全符合欧盟规则表示怀疑。 欧盟委员会质疑援助方案规模是否过大,因为这些支持措施的组合可能会过度降低运营商的财务风险。 欧盟委员会表示,它还在审查该计划是否继续鼓励高效运营,同时确保国家不会承担过多的项目风险。 欧盟委员会补充说,进一步的审查将考察对市场竞争的潜在影响,包括差价合约的设计是否会削弱运营或维护激励。 委员会表示,他们还对现有保障措施是否足以防止援助款项间接惠及消费者或特定市场参与者表示担忧。 调查现已开放,罗马尼亚和第三方可以提交反馈意见。委员会强调,此次审查并不预判最终结果。

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