-- 据路透社周三报道,在俄罗斯2022年入侵乌克兰并摧毁了高达10吉瓦的核电装机容量后,乌克兰核电占比在战争期间飙升至约70%-80%。 战争爆发时,乌克兰拥有四座核电站,共15座反应堆。但欧洲最大的核电站——扎波罗热核电站于2022年落入俄罗斯控制,并很快停运。 乌克兰国家原子能公司(Energoatom)表示,战前核电已占乌克兰电力总产量的一半以上,是该国电力系统的重要支柱。 乌克兰国家原子能公司称,战争期间核电产量占总发电量的约70%,这并非由于新增装机容量,而是由于其他发电设施遭到大范围破坏。 一位业内人士今年早些时候表示,核电产量有时甚至能满足乌克兰国内高达80%的电力需求。 乌克兰国家原子能公司(Energoatom)表示,持续不断的火力发电厂袭击,加上燃料短缺和基础设施损毁,迫使核电成为电网的主要稳定力量。分析补充道。 2022年以前,火力发电曾占乌克兰电力需求的35%,但此后由于能源基础设施遭到大范围破坏,其份额急剧下降。 迪西集团(DiXi Group)表示,即使在乌克兰失去了对扎波罗热核电站的控制权之后(该电站占乌克兰核电总装机容量的43%),核电在乌克兰能源结构中的作用也比2022年初更为关键。 该集团引用的数据显示,俄罗斯的袭击破坏了所有主要的火力发电厂和水力发电厂,2024年受影响的装机容量约为10吉瓦,而乌克兰的总用电量约为18吉瓦。 迪西集团表示,风险不仅限于反应堆,还波及输电网络。俄罗斯的袭击破坏了关键变电站,限制了乌克兰南部和赫梅利尼茨基核电站的发电量,使其无法满负荷运行。 冲突也促使乌克兰进行结构性调整。乌克兰计划在2022年后启用一座乏核燃料储存设施,从而摆脱此前对俄罗斯处理核废料的依赖。 (市场动态新闻来源于与全球市场专业人士的对话。这些信息被认为来自可靠来源,但可能包含传闻和推测。准确性无法保证。)
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