-- 根据标普全球周五发布的一项调查,澳大利亚制造业4月份重回扩张轨道,但供应链严重中断以及中东冲突引发的燃油和货运压力导致成本飙升,抵消了这一改善。 经季节性调整的标普全球澳大利亚制造业采购经理人指数(PMI)从3月份的49.8升至4月份的51.3,高于50荣枯分界线。 PMI上升主要受供应商交货时间延长和采购库存增加的推动,而新订单、产出和就业仍处于负增长区间。 报告指出,4月份的供应链中断主要受中东冲突和国际货运延误的影响,燃油短缺和燃油成本上涨推高了投入价格,导致通胀率创下2022年3月以来的最高水平。 投入成本上涨和战争相关的不确定性将产出价格通胀推至十年来的最高水平,并导致制造业生产连续第三个月下滑。 报告指出,受海外需求疲软等因素影响,新订单持续下降;尽管产量需求降低,但制造商4月份仍增加了采购活动和原材料库存,此举可能是为了应对未来价格上涨和供应链延迟等风险,建立安全缓冲。 由于新订单疲软,就业人数连续第二个月下降。企业没有填补离职员工的空缺,并减少了工时;同时,积压订单和成品库存也持续减少。 报告还指出,受中东冲突、通胀和生活成本压力影响,商业信心连续第三个月下滑,降至2024年7月以来的最低水平。不过,冲突后需求复苏的预期支撑了对未来一年生产的乐观情绪。
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