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國際貨幣基金組織警告:中東衝突加劇全球經濟前景

-- 國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)週二警告稱,中東戰爭正加劇本已脆弱的全球經濟壓力,新興市場和發展中國家受到的衝擊最為嚴重。 IMF二十四國集團(IG24)在一份公報中表示,全球經濟在經歷了一段相對穩定的時期後,正因與衝突相關的供應鏈中斷(尤其是能源市場中斷)而惡化。公報指出,預計2026年全球經濟成長速度將低於2025年,而持續的供應鏈中斷可能導致能源、食品和化肥價格上漲,以及供應成本上升,推高通膨。 該集團強調必須保護關鍵航運路線,並呼籲停止對能源基礎設施的攻擊。公報警告稱,此類破壞修復成本高昂,會減少能源供應,並加劇市場波動。 公報也指出,全球經濟前景仍不明朗,石油進口國面臨的外部赤字不斷擴大,而這將帶來更大的壓力。通膨加劇,加上利率上升和匯率壓力,可能推高新興經濟體和發展中經濟體的借貸成本,並加劇其金融脆弱性。該 該組織表示,金融環境收緊和投資者日益謹慎也可能減少流入這些國家的私人資本,並敦促各國政府密切關注相關政策。該組織警告稱,儘管穩健的財政和貨幣政策仍然至關重要,但傳統工具可能不足以應對當前的衝擊,因此呼籲國際社會加強對脆弱經濟體的支持力度,並提供更多發展援助。 關於氣候變化,該組織表示,必須繼續遵循《聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約》和《巴黎協定》中規定的公平和共同責任原則。該組織呼籲加快減排步伐,增加對永續基礎設施、適應氣候變遷和生物多樣性保護的投資,並擴大已開發國家對發展中國家的融資、技術轉移和技術援助。

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