-- 国际货币基金组织(IMF)周二警告称,中东战争正加剧本已脆弱的全球经济压力,新兴市场和发展中国家受到的冲击最为严重。 IMF二十四国集团(IG24)在一份公报中表示,全球经济在经历了一段相对稳定的时期后,正因与冲突相关的供应链中断(尤其是能源市场中断)而恶化。公报指出,预计2026年全球经济增长速度将低于2025年,而持续的供应链中断可能导致能源、食品和化肥价格上涨,以及供应成本上升,从而推高通胀。 该集团强调必须保护关键航运路线,并呼吁停止对能源基础设施的袭击。公报警告称,此类破坏修复成本高昂,会减少能源供应,并加剧市场波动。 公报还指出,全球经济前景依然不明朗,石油进口国面临的外部赤字不断扩大,而这又将带来更大的压力。通胀加剧,加之利率上升和汇率压力,可能推高新兴经济体和发展中经济体的借贷成本,并加剧其金融脆弱性。 该组织表示,金融环境收紧和投资者日益谨慎也可能减少流入这些国家的私人资本,并敦促各国政府密切关注相关政策。该组织警告称,尽管稳健的财政和货币政策仍然至关重要,但传统工具可能不足以应对当前的冲击,因此呼吁国际社会加大对脆弱经济体的支持力度,并提供更多发展援助。 关于气候变化,该组织表示,必须继续遵循《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《巴黎协定》中规定的公平和共同责任原则。该组织呼吁加快减排步伐,加大对可持续基础设施、适应气候变化和生物多样性保护的投资,并扩大发达国家对发展中国家的融资、技术转让和技术援助。
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