-- 国际货币基金组织(IMF)周二发布的《世界经济展望》更新报告中,下调了对2026年全球经济增长的预期,其中大部分地区的预期均被下调,这与伊朗冲突直接相关。 目前预计,2026年全球经济增长率为3.1%,低于2025年的3.4%,较1月份发布的《世界经济展望》中预测的3.3%有所下调。预计2027年经济增长将小幅加速至3.2%,与此前预测一致。 IMF表示:“如果没有这场战争,全球经济增长预期将会被上调。” “事实上,基于冲突前假设的预测显示,2026年经济增长率较1月份《世界经济展望》更新报告略有上调,上调0.1个百分点至3.4%。因此,2026年经济增长率的下调主要反映了中东冲突带来的冲击,部分被近期强劲的经济数据和关税下调的影响所抵消。” 国际货币基金组织补充说,如果冲突的影响超出预期,情况可能会恶化。 “在能源价格上涨幅度更大且持续时间更长的不利情景下,2026年全球经济增长率将进一步放缓至2.5%,通胀率将达到5.4%。”国际货币基金组织表示。 “在冲突地区能源基础设施遭受更严重破坏的更严峻情景下,影响将更大:2026年全球经济增长率将降至2%左右,而2027年总体通胀率将略高于6%。新兴市场和发展中经济体受到的影响几乎是发达经济体的两倍。” 对于美国,国际货币基金组织(IMF)目前预计2026年经济增长率为2.3%,此前2025年为2.1%,较1月份预测的2.4%有所下调。预计2027年经济增长率将放缓至2.1%,较此前预测的2%有所上调。 加拿大经济预计在2025年增长1.7%之后,2026年将增长1.5%,较此前预测的1.6%有所下调。预计2027年增速将加快至1.9%,与1月份《世界经济展望》的预测一致。 欧元区经济预计在2025年增长1.4%之后,2026年将增长1.1%。这一新预测较1月份预测的1.3%有所下调。预计2027年增速将加快至1.2%,较1月份预测的1.4%有所下调。 英国经济活动预计在2026年增长0.8%,较此前预测的1.3%大幅下调,而2025年则增长了1.3%。英国经济预计在2027年增长1.3%,较此前预测的1.5%下调。 日本经济预计在2026年增长0.7%,与1月份的预测一致,而2025年则增长了1.2%。国际货币基金组织(IMF)预计日本经济增速将在2027年放缓至0.6%,与此前预测一致。
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