-- 受中東持續戰亂導致能源價格飆升的影響,德國2026年3月的年通膨率加速攀升,達到2024年1月以來的最高水準。 德國聯邦統計局週五公佈的最終數據顯示,3月德國消費者物價指數(CPI)從2月的1.9%升至2.7%,與先前的初步估計相符。環比來看,CPI環比漲幅與先前公佈的1.1%的初值一致,高於前值0.2%。 能源產品價格年增7.2%,這是自2023年12月以來能源價格首次出現年增率。受戰爭影響,其中汽車燃油和暖氣油價格分別飆升20%和44.4%。 服務業方面,價格上漲3.2%,食品日用品價格分別上漲0.9%及2.3%,與整體通膨率基本一致。剔除食品和能源價格後的核心通膨率為2.5%。 同時,年度調和通膨率從2%上升至2.8%。調和消費者物價月增1.2%,高於前一月的0.4%。德國統計局確認了這兩項數據的初步讀數。 展望未來,荷蘭國際集團(ING)預計德國整體通膨率將進一步上升,並在2026年的大部分時間裡保持在3%至4%之間。 該研究機構在3月30日的一份報告中指出:「總而言之,今天的德國通膨數據顯示,目前源自中東戰爭的新一輪通膨浪潮『僅僅』是能源價格衝擊。歐洲央行對這一新價格衝擊的任何反應,顯然取決於飆升的能源價格是否會波及到其他經濟領域。」毋庸置疑,通膨壓力擴大和通膨預期脫息可能引發歐洲央行預期脫息。然而,就目前而言——至少在歐洲央行內部,冒著使用禁忌詞彙的風險——能源價格衝擊仍被歸類為「暫時性」的。
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