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加拿大蒙特利爾銀行 (BMO) 對當天及未來一週的展望

-- 蒙特利爾銀行(BMO)表示,加拿大3月份消費者物價指數報告將於美國東部時間週一上午8:30發布,這將是當日最重要的數據,預計將顯示整體通膨率大幅上升。 該行指出,由於中東衝突爆發,油價飆升,汽油價格也隨之大幅上漲,光此一項就將使3月的通膨率上升約0.7個百分點。雖然能源價格似乎已經見頂,但4月份的平均價格可能仍然會更高,尤其是在聯邦消費稅減免政策尚未於本週一生效的情況下。 BMO也指出,取暖油價格連續第二個月大幅上漲。預計機票價格也將推高整體通膨率。 該行預測,3月環比通膨率為1.1%,這將是史上最大的月漲幅之一,並將年度通膨率推高至2.6%。不幸的是,由於去年碳稅減免政策將於下個月不再計入通膨率,通膨率很快就會突破三個百分點。 根據蒙特利爾銀行(BMO)計算,核心通膨率(CPI 修正值及中位數)預計將持平或略有上升,這可能結束長達五個月的通貨緊縮局面。疲軟的經濟基礎繼續對國內物價構成下行壓力,但本月基數效應的影響略有增強。除非能源價格出現出人意料的快速傳導,否則核心通膨率預計將在4月恢復放緩趨勢。 其他核心指標預計在3月也將加速上漲,剔除稅收的CPI年漲幅將達到2.7%,剔除食品和能源價格(含稅)的CPI年漲幅將達到2.1%。由於油價波動以及貿易/關稅前景不明朗,通膨前景仍高度不確定。 據蒙特利爾銀行稱,加拿大央行第一季商業展望調查(BOS)將於週一上午11:30發布,該調查是政策決策的重要參考依據。這份報告很可能是在二月編製完成的,不過在伊朗戰爭爆發後的三月份,可能也進行了一些後續調查。 該銀行表示,在戰爭爆發前,經濟活動似乎具有韌性,儘管年初受到一些天氣因素的影響。關稅仍是主要的不確定因素,因為美國最高法院推翻《國際緊急經濟權力法》(IEEPA)關稅的決定對加拿大影響甚微,這得益於美墨加協定(USMCA)的豁免條款。整體而言,鑑於地緣政治不確定性依然顯著,BMO預期BOS指標可能會小幅上升,但仍將處於負值區間。 儘管整體經濟成長持續低於潛在水平,但仍有一些產業表現突出,例如資源(尤其是能源)、國防和人工智慧基礎設施。這些產業受惠於低關稅(甚至無關稅)以及國內政策的優先性,BMO預測伊朗戰爭將加劇這些產業間的差異。銷售成長預期和投資意願也可能因此出現分歧。 出口多元化的任何跡像都可能預示著這些措施開始奏效,增強經濟韌性。 因此,該銀行預計產能壓力將保持溫和,但調查結果也可能因行業而異。鑑於勞動市場持續疲軟,招募活動和薪資成長預期指標可能較為低迷。 通膨預期將高度依賴調查的時機。戰前,通膨指標表現日益穩健,部分指標甚至持續低於目標水準。政策制定者密切關注市場預期將如何應對油價衝擊。但該銀行補充說,現在就根據這項調查得出最終結論可能為時過早。

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