-- 加拿大央行周三维持基准利率在2.25%不变,原因是中东冲突和美国贸易政策重塑全球贸易格局导致市场“波动加剧”。央行表示:“这两方面都持续存在不确定性。” 央行表示,管理委员会正在考虑战争对通胀的直接影响,但不会允许能源价格上涨演变为持续性通胀。“随着形势的变化,我们将随时准备根据需要做出应对。央行致力于在全球动荡时期维护加拿大人对物价稳定的信心。”央行补充道。 加拿大央行在声明中表示,加拿大经济增长前景与1月份货币政策报告的预测一致。 声明补充道:“在经历了2025年第四季度的萎缩之后,预计2026年初经济将恢复增长。消费者和政府支出支撑着经济活动,而关税和贸易不确定性则对出口和企业投资构成压力。第四季度住房市场活动有所下降,人口增长缓慢、经济不确定性和持续存在的住房负担能力问题阻碍了这一增长。劳动力市场疲软,过去一年就业增长乏力,且受美国关税影响的行业出现失业。失业率仍维持在6.5%至7%的区间,反映出招聘疲软和求职者减少的双重影响。 “央行4月份的预测显示,2026年GDP增长率为1.2%,2027年将升至1.6%,2028年将升至1.7%,出口和企业投资的增长将以较低的增速恢复。随着GDP增速略高于潜在水平,目前经济中的过剩供给将逐步被消化。”尽管伊朗战争可能会改变经济结构,但更新后的预测显示,整体GDP增长幅度变化不大:由于加拿大是石油净出口大国,即使汽油价格上涨挤压了消费者的负担,油价上涨仍会推高国民收入。 “由于汽油价格大幅上涨,3月份CPI通胀率攀升至2.4%。此前几个月通胀数据持续放缓。核心通胀率一直在下降,在最近的通胀报告中稳定在略高于2%的水平。CPI篮子中超过3%的商品和服务价格占比在近几个月也有所下降。正如预期,目前几乎没有证据表明油价上涨已更广泛地传导至商品和服务价格,但这需要在未来几个月密切关注。随着汽油价格上涨和食品价格通胀居高不下,短期通胀预期有所上升,但长期通胀预期保持稳定。 “4月份CPI通胀率可能进一步上升至3%左右。基于油价将有所回落的假设,预计通胀率将于明年初降至2%的目标水平,并在预测期内保持在2%左右。 在此背景下,并考虑到当前的预测,管理委员会决定维持政策利率在2.25%不变。
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