-- 加拿大央行第一季度调查显示,在中东战争爆发前,企业和消费者的信心有所改善,但后续调查表明,冲突正在对支出计划产生负面影响,加拿大帝国商业银行(CIBC)表示。 然而,在加拿大央行周一发布调查结果后,该行指出,冲突尚未导致人们对今年以后的通胀预期出现显著上升。 商业展望调查(BOS)的正式调查期为2月5日至25日,但加拿大央行在3月18日至27日期间对部分受伊朗战争影响较大的企业进行了后续电话调查。 CIBC表示,调查结果显示,总体而言,至少在中东战争爆发前,企业信心和预期较上一季度略有改善。尽管有报道称产能限制和劳动力短缺的情况仍低于历史平均水平,但投资和招聘预期有所改善。 战争爆发前,对未来通胀的预期相对稳定,此后长期预期也未出现大幅上升。加拿大央行的后续调查显示,截至3月最后两周,一年期通胀预期已升至3.8%,高于2月份的3%。 然而,五年期通胀预期仅“小幅”上升至3.0%,高于2月份的2.8%。该行补充道,在接受后续调查的20家公司中,普遍预期投入成本上涨,但对销售价格的预期则较为复杂。 一些公司提到合同条款允许将燃油价格上涨转嫁给消费者,而另一些公司则表示担忧,认为由于需求疲软、消费者支出受限以及竞争激烈等多种原因,自身难以将上涨的成本转嫁给消费者。 加拿大央行第一季度消费者预期调查显示,在汽油价格大幅上涨之前,消费者对支出前景的悲观情绪略有缓解,通胀预期与上一季度基本持平。 然而,在战争爆发后(3月26日至4月2日)进行的一项后续在线调查显示,由于中东冲突,消费者预计经济将受到负面影响,通货膨胀也将加剧。加拿大帝国商业银行(CIBC)指出,大约四分之一的家庭表示,他们已经因此取消或推迟了部分领域的支出。
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