-- 雷斯塔能源(Rystad Energy)策略师周二表示,阿联酋退出欧佩克及其更广泛的欧佩克+联盟,这对该组织管理全球石油市场的能力造成了重大打击,并引发了人们对未来协调供应政策的质疑。 这个海湾国家日产量约为480万桶,并计划进一步提高产量。阿联酋一直是少数几个能够调整供应以应对市场冲击的成员国之一。 雷斯塔能源地缘政治分析主管豪尔赫·莱昂(Jorge Leon)周二在一份市场报告中指出:“欧佩克和欧佩克+的实力始终取决于成员国保留石油的意愿。失去一个拥有大量剩余产能的成员国,无疑会使该组织失去一项重要的工具。” 阿联酋的退出使该产油国集团失去了一项核心影响力机制:可用于抵消供应中断或撤出以支撑油价的剩余产能。 莱昂表示,此举削弱了该组织长期应对供需失衡的能力。 雷斯塔德咨询公司表示,短期内,持续存在的地缘政治风险,包括霍尔木兹海峡封锁,可能会限制此举对油价的影响。霍尔木兹海峡封锁持续给全球供应流动带来不确定性。 然而,其长期影响更为深远。该咨询公司指出,由于集团内部的闲置产能减少,欧佩克+可能难以调整产量并维持价格稳定。 这一转变正值全球石油需求接近潜在峰值之际,改变了低成本生产商的激励机制。拥有可用产能的国家可能会优先考虑最大化产量并保护市场份额,而不是在配额制度下限制产量。 此举可能会给沙特阿拉伯带来更大的压力,迫使其承担更大比例的产量调整以稳定市场。雷斯塔德咨询公司的分析师表示,沙特阿拉伯可能难以独自承担这一角色。 盛宝银行策略师表示,阿联酋退出欧佩克和欧佩克+标志着全球石油政策的转变,而此时持续不断的伊朗冲突已扰乱全球能源流动,并导致全球商业和战略原油库存锐减。 盛宝银行大宗商品策略主管奥勒·斯洛特·汉森表示:“阿联酋正抓住退出欧佩克的机会,摆脱限制其利用不断增长产能的产量限制。” 近年来,在阿布扎比国家石油公司(ADNOC)牵头的上游投资推动下,阿联酋的产能稳步增长。盛宝银行指出,在上个月产量降至220万桶/日之前,阿联酋的产量曾攀升至约360万桶/日。 该国目前的原油产能约为485万桶/日,目标是在2027年达到500万桶/日。 与此同时,斯巴达商品公司(Sparta Commodities)的分析师表示,阿联酋退出后,产油国联盟的长期凝聚力再次受到质疑,尽管对全球石油平衡的直接影响仍然有限。 分析师表示:“就短期而言,由于霍尔木兹海峡关闭,这对石油平衡的影响微乎其微。”他们补充说,如果欧佩克+集团恢复其在市场上的先前角色,其影响将在长期内更为显著。 从长远来看,预计阿联酋的产量将从其在欧佩克+集团约340万桶/日的配额增加到约450万至480万桶/日。斯巴达表示,这一变化可能会向市场注入更多原油,从而可能对油价构成下行压力。 Price Futures高级市场分析师菲尔·弗林表示,随着阿联酋退出欧佩克+,该国正寻求摆脱欧佩克+的束缚,从而提升石油产量,实现更大的自主权。 弗林指出,阿联酋长期以来一直受到过时的产量基准的限制,该基准设定于2018年左右,约为320万桶/日。然而,此后,这个海湾国家对上游产能进行了大量投资,使其产量潜力在未来几年内超过500万桶/日。
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