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伍德麦肯锡表示,随着中东冲突持续,投资者对北美油气资源的兴趣日益浓厚。

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-- 伍德麦肯兹(Wood Mackenzie)周一发表的一篇评论文章指出,中东产油国群中一条水道的关闭对全球能源供应造成的深度和持续时间影响,促使人们对其他地区的资源产生了更大的兴趣。 文章作者、伍德麦肯兹美洲区副主席兼“能源帮”(Energy Gang)播客主持人埃德·克鲁克斯(Ed Crooks)表示,尽管在伊朗战争爆发前,已有计划提高不同地区的石油产量,但这场冲突为这些计划的实施提供了额外的动力。 委内瑞拉一直在加快提高石油产量的步伐,这得益于今年1月总统尼古拉斯·马杜拉(Nicolas Madura)的被捕。国民议会通过了立法改革,明确了最高特许权使用费和税收的规定。 文章指出,与此同时,委内瑞拉国家石油公司(PDVSA)失去了对石油生产和销售的独家控制权,这使得私营企业能够控制自己的项目并获得仲裁权。 外国石油公司也制定了提高委内瑞拉石油产量的计划。雪佛龙(CVX)表示,其在委内瑞拉的产量可在18至24个月内提高50%,而雷普索尔的目标是在12个月内实现同样的增幅。 据称,壳牌(SHEL)正在与委内瑞拉政府就开发更多天然气资产进行谈判,如果条件合适,可能会在年底前做出最终投资决定。 克鲁克斯指出,阿拉斯加国家石油储备区的部分区域租赁出售产生了创纪录的收入;而美国政府认定为美洲湾的墨西哥湾,西方石油公司(OXY)宣布发现了新的油田,这将延长其生产设施的使用寿命。 英国石油公司(BP)上个月表示,已获得美国海洋能源管理局的批准,可以开发其价值50亿美元的卡斯基达项目。 墨西哥总统克劳迪娅·欣鲍姆表示,她赞成通过开发非常规资源来增加天然气产量,以减少对美国的依赖。目前,墨西哥约75%的天然气供应来自美国。墨西哥的目标是到2035年,非常规天然气日产量达到32亿立方英尺。 鉴于建立更多项目需要时间,企业需要对未来的大宗商品价格和产量变化有相对确定性,才能决定投资是否可行。 文章指出,目前美国能源行业活动没有出现任何普遍回暖的迹象,4月中旬前后,美国钻井平台的数量也没有增加。 由于美国放松了制裁,委内瑞拉的产量有所增长,3月份的日产量从1月份的90万桶增至110万桶。但像阿拉斯加或美洲湾这样的资源需要数年时间才能进入市场。 如果委内瑞拉的天然气能够通过管道输送到特立尼达,供应当地的大西洋液化天然气工厂,那么委内瑞拉或许有能力提高液化天然气的供应量。 与此同时,埃尼集团(Eni)和雷普索尔公司(Repsol)已与委内瑞拉政府达成协议,将使用浮式液化天然气运输船从佩尔拉气田出口天然气。此外,天然气还有机会通过管道输送到哥伦比亚,这将释放哥伦比亚原本使用的液化天然气。

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