-- 伍德麦肯兹(Wood Mackenzie)周二在一份报告中指出,北美天然气市场今夏将面临复杂局面,产量增长有限,而出口能力却大幅扩张。 报告称,受东北部和二叠纪盆地管道输送能力问题的制约,美国本土48州(除阿拉斯加和夏威夷外)的天然气产量今夏仅会小幅增长。 伍德麦肯兹分析师指出,尽管管道瓶颈依然存在,但新建液化天然气接收站和全球供应中断的叠加效应,为天然气价格构筑了结构性支撑。 分析师预计,随着基础设施限制的缓解,产量反弹要到2026年底才会出现。 随着两个大型项目大幅增加产能,出口格局正在发生变化。 切尼尔能源公司(Cheniere Energy)的科珀斯克里斯蒂液化天然气项目6号生产线预计将于5月全面投产,7号生产线将于夏末投产。 与此同时,金山口液化天然气项目(Golden Pass LNG)计划于6月将1号生产线的产能提升至每日8亿立方英尺。 报告指出,此次原料气需求激增标志着与以往夏季液化天然气市场模式的转变,以往夏季液化天然气市场通常因飓风风险而被视为利空因素。 在美国,居民用电量仍然是主要的需求驱动因素,这主要得益于家庭用电量的增加以及天然气在电网稳定中发挥的关键作用。 墨西哥电力行业正经历结构性增长。预计科斯塔阿祖尔能源项目(Energia Costa Azul)的投产将引发原料气需求的“阶跃式变化”,但伍德麦肯兹也指出了一些风险,包括项目可能延期以及夏季降雨量高于平均水平。 与此同时,地缘政治不稳定正在显著重塑市场格局。 伊朗持续不断的冲突已对卡塔尔拉斯拉凡出口枢纽造成长期损害,可能需要五年时间才能完全恢复。 伍德麦肯兹表示,全球供应的大幅减少为美国液化天然气创造了“能源安全溢价”。 伍德麦肯兹认为,这使得美国成为能源密集型产业更具吸引力的中心,进一步使国内项目免受价格相关风险的影响。
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