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伍德麦肯兹公司称,到2040年,30家大型油气勘探开发公司产量或将下降40%。

-- 伍德麦肯兹(Wood Mackenzie)周四在一份报告中指出,全球约30家最大的勘探和生产公司在2025年至2040年间的产量预计将下降近40%。 伍德麦肯兹分析师表示:“上游行业面临着巨大且持续的挑战。仅就液态烃而言,根据我们的基本预测(不考虑储量升级),到2050年,现有油田的产量将比满足累计需求所需的近1万亿桶缺口3000亿桶。” 研究人员表示,勘探可以通过发现具有优势的油气资源来创造价值,从而替代成本更高或存在其他劣势的资源,无论是石油还是天然气。 假设布伦特原油长期价格为每桶65美元,扣除970亿美元的勘探支出后,2021年至2025年间,上游行业创造了约540亿美元的价值。根据这份报告,如果布伦特原油价格为每桶85美元,这一数字将上升至1200亿美元。 同期,石油行业在勘探方面的支出基本保持稳定,年均支出为190亿美元,共钻探633口井。然而,伍德麦肯兹公司表示,到2025年,平均支出将降至160亿美元,钻探388口井,这是一种“异常现象”。 分析师表示:“投资的韧性反映了上游价值链尖端环节的长期性,尽管钻机日租金几乎翻了一番,而钻机日租金在油井成本中占很大比例。” 报告指出,水深超过1500米的超深水油气勘探开发提供了创造高价值的最大机遇,但只有少数几家公司,包括七大能源巨头和几家国家石油公司,展现出了运营此类资产的风险承受能力和技能。 过去五年中,此类重大发现包括埃克森美孚(XOM)在圭亚那、埃尼(E)在科特迪瓦、印度尼西亚和塞浦路斯、英国石油公司(BP)在巴西以及土耳其石油公司(TPAO)在黑海的发现。 报告补充道:“前沿勘探者正在将目光投向勘探程度较低的盆地,包括巴西的亚马逊河口盆地,以及安哥拉、苏里南和其他地区现有油气藏的延伸区域。”

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