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伍德麥肯茲警告稱,儘管霍爾木茲海峽停火,中東石油和天然氣產量恢復仍需數月時間。

-- 根據伍德麥肯茲(Wood Mackenzie)大宗商品分析師的報告顯示,儘管本周美國、以色列和伊朗達成停火協議,但中東油氣運輸的恢復仍遙遙無期,諸多步驟和流程可能需要數月時間。 報告指出,目前仍有1,100萬桶/日的上游石油產能處於停產狀態,這意味著即使基礎產能完好無損,這些產能也無法恢復。只有出口航線恢復正常,船舶通行大規模恢復後,這些產能才能重新投入使用。 伍德麥肯茲煉油、化工和石油市場高級副總裁艾倫·格爾德(Alan Gelder)表示,為了將這些原油重新投放市場,「建立一套『可行的』運輸體系,並讓船東對過境船舶的安全充滿信心至關重要」。 格爾德補充說,促進保險、貿易融資和「持續的船舶入境通行」是恢復海峽信心的關鍵。 他還指出,考慮到如果兩週停火後敵對行動再次爆發,空載前來裝載石油的壓載船將不願這樣做,因為存在被困的風險。 報告指出,隨著出口開始逐步恢復,儲存將有助於上游生產和煉油業全面重啟。 然而,報告指出,並非所有國家都擁有足夠的儲存能力。因此,沙烏地阿拉伯和阿聯酋可以迅速提高產量,而伊拉克由於油藏和營運方面的複雜性,可能需要六到九個月才能恢復到衝突前的產量水準。 伍德麥肯茲公司認為,就全球天然氣市場而言,停火可能使海灣地區受困的液化天然氣貨物得以離開,從而在短期內提供有限的緩解。 伍德麥肯茲歐洲天然氣和液化天然氣分析師湯姆·馬爾澤克-曼瑟表示,要真正實現供應結構性轉變,卡達拉斯拉凡液化天然氣工廠必須重啟其12條可運作的生產線。 「目前尚不清楚卡達能源公司是否會在停火期間考慮這樣做,」他說。 該公司估計,即使重啟工作在5月初開始,所有12條生產線的全面恢復也可能要到8月底才能完成,而南部工廠受損的產能可能要停產數年。 同時,馬爾澤克-曼瑟表示,阿聯酋國內天然氣基礎設施的中斷可能會進一步加劇區域供應的複雜性。 他警告說,阿布達比天然氣處理廠哈布山的「持續中斷」可能會顯著收緊國內天然氣供應,迫使阿聯酋削減回注量,甚至透過海豚管道系統增加進口。

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