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亚洲一周要闻:通胀、贸易数据和央行决策

-- 未来一周亚洲经济数据密集发布,涵盖贸易、通胀和央行动态,或将为市场提供该地区如何应对中东冲突的新线索。 周一,新西兰和马来西亚将公布贸易数据,中国也将发布贷款市场报价利率(LPR)。 周二,市场关注焦点转向新西兰第一季度通胀报告;周三,印尼央行将公布利率决议;日本将公布3月份贸易数据。 周四,菲律宾央行将公布另一项重要决议,韩国也将公布第一季度GDP数据。印度、日本和澳大利亚的PMI初值报告也将备受关注。 周五,日本将公布3月份通胀数据,泰国也将发布贸易报告,为本周的经济数据发布画上句号。 以下是未来一周的关注重点。 4月20日,星期一 本周以新西兰和马来西亚的贸易数据发布拉开帷幕。 新西兰3月份货物贸易顺差为6.98亿新西兰元,而2月份则为逆差3.647亿新西兰元。 货物出口额增长7.3%,达到79.4亿新西兰元;进口额增长9.6%,达到72.5亿新西兰元。 马来西亚3月份货物贸易总额同比增长9.3%,达到2730亿林吉特,主要得益于进出口双双增长。 出口额同比增长8.3%,达到1488亿林吉特;进口额同比增长10.4%,达到1242亿林吉特。 中国在公布好于预期的经济数据后,维持贷款市场报价利率(LPR,新贷款的基准利率)不变,尽管中东冲突仍在持续。 中国人民银行将一年期LPR维持在3%,五年期及以上LPR维持在3.5%。 荷兰国际集团(ING)的经济学家表示,央行可能会维持利率不变,直到市场环境需要货币政策支持为止。中国人民银行自2025年5月以来一直维持一年期和五年期贷款市场报价利率(LPR)不变。 4月21日,星期二 新西兰将公布第一季度通胀数据。 美国银行证券(BofA Securities)预计,该国消费者价格指数(CPI)将环比上涨0.8%,同比上涨2.9%,略低于新西兰储备银行(RBI)4月份修正后的3%的预测。 该公司的研究显示,受中东冲突影响,3月份燃油价格飙升,推动了整体通胀,汽油价格环比上涨近19%,柴油价格环比上涨近43%。 台湾将公布出口订单数据。荷兰国际集团(ING)表示,台湾的出口订单同比增速可能从之前的23.8%反弹至约48.1%。 4月22日,星期三 印尼央行将召开利率决议会议。 荷兰国际集团(ING)表示,尽管通胀率高于印尼央行2.5%的目标,但预计印尼央行将维持4.75%的政策利率不变。ING指出,目前印尼的通胀率为3.5%,远低于2022年约5%的峰值(当时曾引发央行大幅加息),且随着经济增长放缓,印尼央行可能继续维持利率不变。 日本3月份的贸易数据也将成为关注焦点。ING表示,由于对半导体和IT产品的需求强劲,预计日本3月份出口将实现强劲增长,贸易顺差将从上月的443亿日元增至1万亿日元。 此外,韩国也将公布3月份的生产者价格指数(PPI)数据。 4月23日,星期四 菲律宾将再次召开利率决议会议。 荷兰国际集团(ING)在一份预览报告中指出,菲律宾的经济是该地区最易受石油冲击影响的经济体之一,鉴于当前中东地缘政治局势,菲律宾中央银行即将做出的决定“可能非常接近”。 不过,该行表示,其基本预期是央行将维持利率在4.25%不变。 韩国第一季度GDP增长的初步预估值也将成为关注焦点。 《华尔街日报》报道称,大多数分析师预计,在经历了上一季度的经济萎缩之后,韩国经济将出现反弹。 《华尔街日报》还报道称,巴克莱银行经济学家孙范基表示,由于出口走强以及私人消费和设施投资的复苏,韩国经济有望实现季度1.2%和年度3%的增长。 韩国还将发布消费者信心指数报告。 香港和新加坡将公布3月份的通胀数据。 据《华尔街日报》援引星展银行经济学家的话报道,新加坡3月份的物价数据将反映中东冲突带来的能源冲击的初步影响。Trading Economics预测,物价同比涨幅可能从2月份的1.2%迅速升至1.5%。 在香港,Trading Economics预计通胀率将从2月份的1.7%小幅上升至1.8%。 香港将于同日公布失业率数据。 台湾预计将公布一系列宏观经济数据,涵盖3月份的零售销售、工业生产和失业率。 ING表示,与出口订单数据类似,预计台湾工业生产同比增长将从上月的17.8%反弹至25.7%。 在经济活动方面,标普全球将发布印度、日本和澳大利亚的制造业、服务业和综合经济活动PMI初值报告。 4月24日,星期五 市场将等待日本3月份的通胀数据。 据Trading Economics汇总的共识预测,剔除生鲜食品但包含能源价格的核心通胀率预计将从2月份的2%降至1.8%。 荷兰国际集团(ING)表示,日本政府稳定汽油价格的举措应能使整体通胀率和核心通胀率均保持在2%以下。 澳门也将公布3月份的通胀数据,同时还将公布失业率。 Trading Economics预计,澳门3月份的通胀率可能为1.2%,略高于2月份的1.16%。 Trading Economics预计,澳门3月份的失业率将从上月的1.7%升至1.8%。 泰国3月份的贸易数据也将公布。 Trading Economics预计该国本月将出现20亿美元的贸易逆差,与2月份20亿美元的贸易顺差形成鲜明对比。 菲律宾将发布两份涵盖第一季度商业和消费者信心的报告。 香港也将发布一份涵盖第二季度的商业信心报告。

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