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中東衝突重創經濟前景,亞洲開發銀行承諾向亞太地區能源和數位網路提供700億美元資金

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-- 亞洲開發銀行承諾在2035年投入700億美元,用於支持亞太地區的新能源和數位基礎建設。 亞行行長神田雅人週日在烏茲別克舉行的亞行年會上宣布了這項承諾。 「能源和數位接入將決定該地區的未來,」神田表示,「這兩項舉措將構建亞太地區發展、競爭和互聯互通所需的系統。透過跨境連接電網和數位網絡,我們可以降低成本、擴大機遇,並為數億人帶來可靠的電力和數位接入。」 這項承諾出台之際,亞銀大幅下調了對亞太地區的經濟成長預期,理由是持續的中東衝突導致能源供應中斷。 週三,亞銀將2026年亞太發展中國家的GDP成長預期從先前的5.1%大幅下調至4.7%。 預計2026年通膨率將從2025年的3%加速至2026年的5.2%,隨後在2027年回落至4.1%。 「我們修訂後的展望大幅下調了經濟成長預期,並大幅提高了通膨預期,這是在特別更新以反映不斷加深的危機之後做出的。」神田當時表示。 該行的新展望假設2026年油價均價約為每桶96美元,遠高於中東衝突爆發前1月和2月的每桶69美元。該行預計2027年油價將回落至每桶80美元左右。 「我們面臨的是全球能源和貿易網絡的系統性、長期性中斷,而不僅僅是暫時的波動。亞銀將繼續作為靈活的合作夥伴,保護本地區經濟;追蹤快速變化的風險,並迅速採取行動,擴大我們的支持力度。」神田補充道。 亞洲開發銀行(亞銀)在最新展望報告中指出,自2月下旬以來,東南亞多個國家的柴油價格已上漲超過100%。 亞銀在周三發布的報告中還指出,能源衝擊也影響了化肥價格,這可能加劇食品通膨,尤其對那些高度依賴中東進口的經濟體而言。 在此背景下,亞銀承諾在2035年向亞太地區投資700億美元,用於建設新的能源和數位基礎設施。 亞銀表示,其中最大的一筆投資,價值500億美元,將用於跨境電力基礎建設,以大規模釋放再生能源的潛力。 據亞銀稱,該項目將重點關注輸電和電網一體化,包括跨境線路、變電站、儲能和電網數位化。 到2035年,該銀行的目標是跨國整合約20吉瓦再生能源,連接2.2萬公里輸電線路,並將區域電力產業的排放量減少15%,同時改善約2億人的能源取得。 剩餘的200億美元將用於亞太數位高速公路項目,該項目旨在建造數位走廊、數據基礎設施並協助人工智慧經濟體發展。 該計畫旨在為2億人首次提供寬頻接入,並將偏遠和內陸地區的網路連接成本降低約40%。 韓國政府將出資2,000萬美元,支持在首爾建立新的人工智慧創新與發展中心。該中心的目標是到2035年培訓約300萬人掌握數位和人工智慧相關技能。 此外,亞洲開發銀行(亞銀)週日還宣布啟動一項“關鍵礦產製造業融資夥伴關係機制”,旨在幫助該地區擺脫對採礦業的依賴,轉向加工、製造和回收等高附加價值產業。 日本承諾向該機制提供2000萬美元的贈款,英國出資160萬美元,韓國進出口銀行和韓國貿易保險公司分別簽署了5億美元的諒解備忘錄,成為該機制的首批合作夥伴。

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