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中東衝突令紐西蘭經濟復甦承壓,但央行表示金融體係依然穩健

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-- 紐西蘭央行週三表示,儘管全球不確定性加劇,紐西蘭金融體系仍保持韌性,房地產市場風險似乎也受到控制,但對整體穩定的影響將取決於中東衝突的持續時間和嚴重程度。 然而,紐西蘭儲備銀行在其最新的金融穩定報告中指出,地緣政治局勢可能導致國內經濟復甦放緩,進而影響就業情勢,並給償債帶來新的壓力。 這場衝突引發了油價飆升,經通膨調整後,汽油和柴油價格已接近50年來的最高水準。 預計這些上漲的成本將侵蝕企業利潤,一些企業已經面臨需求疲軟的困境,並且缺乏三年前的現金儲備。央行表示,化工和塑膠製造商、運輸業以及部分初級產業最容易受到投入成本上漲的影響。 但儘管經濟面臨風險,強勁的出口價格意味著農民應該能夠應對衝擊。 紐西蘭儲備銀行調整了其2025年銀行壓力測試的結果,以評估紐西蘭可能出現的經濟衰退。測試顯示,失業率將達到10.5%的峰值,房價暴跌35%,國內生產毛額萎縮6.5%。 即使在充滿挑戰的環境下,銀行也具備提供信貸的良好能力。即使在這種假設情境下,紐西蘭四大銀行的一級普通股本比率(衡量財務實力的指標)仍然高於監管最低標準,並且「顯著高於」2008年金融危機前的水平。 在報告發布後的新聞發布會上,央行行長安娜·布雷曼表示,3月份季度的失業率「符合他們從金融穩定角度出發的預期」。 週三稍早公佈的數據顯示,經季節性調整後的失業率從2025年第四季的5.4%降至3月季的5.3%。就業數據強化了央行先前的觀點,即在衝突爆發前,紐西蘭國內經濟正在復甦。 在與媒體會面時,布雷曼補充說,儘管紐西蘭的主權債務水平相對較低,但如果長期政府公債殖利率上升,該國仍可能受到一些財政影響。

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