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中东冲突令新西兰经济复苏承压,但央行称金融体系依然稳健

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-- 新西兰央行周三表示,尽管全球不确定性加剧,新西兰金融体系依然保持韧性,房地产市场风险似乎也得到控制,但对整体稳定的影响将取决于中东冲突的持续时间和严重程度。 然而,新西兰储备银行在其最新的金融稳定报告中指出,地缘政治局势可能导致国内经济复苏放缓,进而影响就业形势,并给偿债带来新的压力。 这场冲突引发了油价飙升,经通胀调整后,汽油和柴油价格已接近50年来的最高水平。 预计这些上涨的成本将侵蚀企业利润,一些企业已经面临需求疲软的困境,并且缺乏三年前的现金储备。央行表示,化工和塑料制造商、运输业以及部分初级产业最容易受到投入成本上涨的影响。 但尽管经济面临风险,强劲的出口价格意味着农民应该能够应对冲击。 新西兰储备银行调整了其2025年银行压力测试的结果,以评估新西兰可能出现的经济衰退。该测试显示,失业率将达到10.5%的峰值,房价暴跌35%,国内生产总值萎缩6.5%。 即使在充满挑战的环境下,银行也具备提供信贷的良好能力。即使在这种假设情景下,新西兰四大银行的一级普通股本比率(衡量财务实力的指标)仍然高于监管最低标准,并且“显著高于”2008年金融危机前的水平。 在报告发布后的新闻发布会上,央行行长安娜·布雷曼表示,3月份季度的失业率“符合他们从金融稳定角度出发的预期”。 周三早些时候公布的数据显示,经季节性调整后的失业率从2025年第四季度的5.4%降至3月份季度的5.3%。就业数据强化了央行此前的观点,即在冲突爆发前,新西兰国内经济正在复苏。 在与媒体见面时,布雷曼补充说,尽管新西兰的主权债务水平相对较低,但如果长期政府债券收益率上升,该国仍可能受到一些财政影响。

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