-- 东京通胀再次失去动力,凸显了日本央行在物价压力不均衡上升的情况下所面临的困境。4月份,东京核心消费者价格指数(CPI)上涨1.5%,为四年来最低增速,连续第三个月低于央行2%的目标。 这一数据标志着连续第五个月放缓,且低于市场预期。剔除生鲜食品和能源价格的窄幅CPI(同样受到政策制定者的密切关注)上涨1.9%,也较上月有所回落。 通胀数据疲软部分反映了政府的燃油补贴和一些一次性因素,例如托儿所费用的大幅下降,以及耐用品和加工食品价格涨幅的放缓。能源价格继续下降,但速度有所放缓。 然而,这种平静可能不会持续。与中东冲突相关的油价上涨和日元走软预计将在未来几个月推高进口成本。 前景已经使政策决策变得更加复杂。 日本央行本周以分歧的表决结果维持利率不变,尽管一些官员倾向于收紧货币政策。行长上田一夫释放出灵活性信号,表示在经济增长风险加剧的情况下,央行仍将留有观望空间。 汇率波动也为局势增添了新的变数。日元兑美元汇率一度跌至160日元附近,当局随即介入外汇市场支撑日元,这凸显了市场对日元持续疲软可能进一步推高进口成本的担忧。 彭博经济学家木村太郎表示:“我们预计日本央行将防范通胀超调。这增强了6月份加息25个基点的可能性,但最新数据显示,加息远未确定。” “央行也在密切关注伊朗战争带来的不确定性,以及在原油价格紧缩的情况下,政府支持经济增长的意愿。”
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