-- 牛津能源研究所的策略师周四在一份报告中指出,由于伊朗冲突持续扰乱霍尔木兹海峡的石油运输,全球石油市场预计将在2026年之前持续面临严峻压力。 据估计,3月份海湾地区的石油供应中断量已达每日1210万桶,预计4月份将攀升至每日1270万桶,而战前2月份的水平则更高,这凸显了供应中断的严重程度。 该研究所的基本预测假设冲突将在4月份达到顶峰,随后逐步缓和,预计到第四季度,霍尔木兹海峡的石油运输量才能恢复到正常水平的95%以上。全球石油供应量预计将在2026年减少170万桶/日,随后在2027年反弹340万桶/日。 欧佩克+的产量预计将受到尤其严重的冲击,继第二季度大幅下降后,预计2026年原油产量将减少180万桶/日。 世界经济研究所(OIES)预测,2027年产量将恢复至190万桶/日。非欧佩克+国家的供应增长仍然有限,预计今年将增加44万桶/日,2027年将增加68万桶/日。 该研究所表示,需求前景也已减弱。2026年全球石油需求增长预期已被下调至75万桶/日,反映出消费放缓的幅度超出预期,尤其是在非经合组织亚洲地区,这些地区的产品短缺和政策应对措施正在抑制消费。 世界经济研究所(OIES)表示,预计2026年第二季度需求将出现萎缩,随后在下半年趋于稳定。经合组织(OECD)成员国的经济增长也将放缓,预计今年这些国家的总需求将下降10万桶/日。 供需失衡将扩大市场缺口。该研究所目前预计2026年缺口将达到210万桶/日,高于此前预测的190万桶/日。 预计第二季度缺口将达到峰值460万桶/日,随后随着供应中断的逐步缓解而回落。OIES表示,经合组织成员国全面释放战略储备可将缺口减少多达75万桶/日。 然而,尽管基本面趋紧,但价格预测仅进行了小幅调整。基准布伦特原油价格预计在2026年均价为每桶91美元,低于此前预期,之后在2027年回落至每桶81美元。 预计价格将在第二季度飙升至每桶102美元,然后在年底前回落至每桶86美元,并在2027年初随着供应恢复而跌至每桶70美元左右。
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