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カナダは失業中の高校生を失業統計に含めるべきではない、とCIBCが主張

-- カナダの雇用市場は現在、特に活況とは言えないものの、表面的な数字が示すほど深刻な状況ではない可能性があると、CIBCは述べている。 同行は顧客向けレポートの中で、公式の失業率には、高校に在籍しながら積極的に就職活動をしている15歳から19歳の若者が含まれており、この層が現在、全失業者数に占める割合は通常よりも高いと指摘している。 CIBCは、多くの高校生は教育を最優先事項としているため、失業者として分類すべきではないと主張するのは妥当だと述べている。 高校生を失業率の計算から除外すると、全失業率は現在の6.7%から6.2%に低下する。つまり、「失業中」の高校生を除外すれば、カナダの失業率は大幅に低くなると、同行は指摘している。 一部の高校生は、自分自身や家族を養うために働かざるを得ない状況にあるが、その数を正確に把握するのは難しいと、CIBCは述べている。しかし、景気後退期には、真に雇用を必要とする人々は求職活動を続ける傾向が強い一方、働くことが選択肢の一つである人々は労働市場から離脱する傾向があります。 この傾向は、新型コロナウイルス感染症のパンデミック時に顕著に表れ、高校生の就学率は他の年齢層よりもはるかに急激に低下しました。 政策的な観点からは、学校にも通っておらず労働市場にも参加していない若者、そして学生ではない失業中の若者に注目すべきです。こうした脆弱な層は現在47万人で、総人口に占める割合は2019年の水準とほぼ横ばいです。 カナダ銀行は、これらのことはカナダの若者が労働市場で直面する真の課題を軽視するものではないと付け加えました。実際の若年失業率は公式発表よりも低いかもしれませんが、依然として容認できないほど高い水準にあります。 さらに、15歳から19歳までの若年層の労働参加率の低下は、マクロ経済的な観点からは大きな懸念事項ではないかもしれないが、将来に役立つ貴重な就業経験を積む若者が減少していることを意味するため、憂慮すべき事態である。 もう一つの重要な要素は、若者が利用できる雇用の質である。カナダの若者が昇進の機会が限られた職種に多く就いている場合、その悪影響は見た目以上に大きい可能性があると、CIBCは指摘している。

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